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EAU & inegalités systemiques (overarching dilemmas (health (diseases…
EAU & inegalités systemiques
overarching dilemmas
health
diseases because poor quality of water
safe water significantly reduces the risk of contracting schistosomiasis - a parasitic infection caused by worms that inhabit fresh water. The incidence of trachoma, which can cause irreversible blindness, can be lowered by access to sanitation. Even mass treatment programmes for prevention and treatment of NTDs require safe drinking water to be effective.
open deecation
disease because water scarcity/ acces difficiles aux infrastructures = difficle lavage de main etc = communication diseases
open defecation = contamination eau
https://www.pulse.ng/bi/lifestyle/world-toilet-day-how-open-defecation-is-killing-children-in-nigeria/qptnp6r
nutrition, diarrhea
Diarrhea, often the product of the consumption of
poor quality water, is one of the main causes of
morbidity that results in malnutrition
take care of diseases
NTDs such as lymphatic filariasis and leprosy must have clean water to manage their symptoms. Dracunculiasis, Buruli ulcer, and cutaneous leishmaniasis cause wounds that require prolonged care, with the latter two diseases often requiring surgery and rigorous personal hygiene
https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/oped/comment/Sanitation-can-break-vicious-cycle-of-poverty-and-disease/434750-5357006-xi5ujmz/index.html
The prevalence of NTDs and inadequate WASH services present major global challenges as they perpetuate a vicious cycle of poverty and disease
education
feetching water = enfants pas a l'ecole
genre
femmes chercher l'eau = pas participation activités productives
Within households, women are responsible for ensuring adequate water for the household.
Kaveri Thara (2017) In troubled waters: water commodification,
law, gender, and poverty in Bangalore, Gender & Development, 25:2, 253-268, DOI:
10.1080/13552074.2017.1341205
bad water = more diseases = women burden of caring
quality water supply (adequate, safe, and accessible)
exacerbate/ cause le pb
contexte pays
water scarcity / secheresse
water crisis during the dry season
https://www.unhcr.org/news/latest/2019/1/5c2fc16a4/fighting-water-scarcity-coxs-bazar-refugee-camps.html
refugees = pression demographique
high population density could be another factor in triggering secondary contamination.
over one million Rohingyas have been living in a four square kilometer area comprising of 32 informal camps,
refugees = + de précarité, inégalités
infrastructures
loin = plus de chance d'agression sexuelle femmes
accessibility of water facilities
physical safety of users: facilities in secure physical enviro (water distribution time & duraton, day light hours)
physical safety of users: facilities in secure physical enviro (water distribution time & duraton, day light hours)
solutions
against malnutrition: UNHCR established systematic nutrition screening
infrastructures
raise awareness
in school
on water contamination, of proper hygienic practices,
actors
The support provided by pharmaceutical companies, governments, and private donors has made a huge impact in the fight against NTDs
against malnutrition: UNHCR established systematic nutrition screening
unchr water tube wells
https://www.unhcr.org/news/latest/2019/1/5c2fc16a4/fighting-water-scarcity-coxs-bazar-refugee-camps.html