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EV Class Test 2 (THE HYDROSPHERE (PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF WATER (LATENT…
EV Class Test 2
THE HYDROSPHERE
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CATCHMENT WATER BALANCE- P=Q+ET+L+CH.S
P=Catchment precipitation
Q=Catchment runoff
ET=Evaportanspiration
L= Leakage
CH.S= Change in catchment storage
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PRECIPITATION PROCESSES
CONDENSATION- Change from gas to liquid phase when water vapour in parcels of air reach dew point and clouds form. Condensation nuceli are required.
ICE CRYSTALS- Ice crystals and super-cooled water droplets co-exist. Once heavy enough crystals fall through clouds under gravity, melt and coalesce with larger droplets capturing smaller ones.
UPLIFT MECHANISMS
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CONVECTIVE UPLIFT- Solar heating of land in the summer causes uplift creating thunderstorms with intense and short lived rainfall
OROGRAPHIC UPLIFT- Uplift over a physical barrier, synonymous with rain shadow
SPATIAL PATTERNS
EQUATORIAL ZONE- High precipitation, convergent air masses, uplift
TROPICS 30 N+S- Low precipitation, divergent air masses, deserts
MID LATITUDES 50 N+S- Convergent air masses, polar front
POLAR REGIONS- Low precipitation, divergent and cold air masses