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SOURCES OF ENERGY (Renewable energy sources: (Hydropower energy…

- - - - Hydroelectric power plants and thermal power plants that use fossil fuels produce electricity in a very similar way. In both cases the power source is used to drive a turbine that spins an electric generator, which is the one that produces electricity.
    - - When the kinetic energy of the water collides with the "turbine" vanes of a hydroelectric power plant, this is converted into mechanical energy which rotates the rotor of a generator, that is where the mechanical energy of the rotor is converted into electrical energy.
  - - - Solar thermal energy or solar thermal energy consists of harnessing the energy of the Sun to produce heat that can be used to cook food or for the production of hot water for domestic water consumption, whether domestic hot water, heating, or for production of energy ...
    - - Solar thermal energy (electricity) generation systems collect and concentrate sunlight to produce the high temperature heat needed to generate electricity. ... Steam is converted into mechanical energy in a turbine, which feeds a generator to produce electricity.
  - - - Photovoltaic solar energy takes advantage of solar radiation by directly transforming it into electrical energy through the photovoltaic effect, which consists of the emission of electrons by a material when it is illuminated with electromagnetic radiation (in this case solar radiation).
    - - Photovoltaic systems allow the transformation of sunlight into electrical energy, that is, the conversion of a particle with light energy (photon) into electromotive (voltaic) energy.
  - - - Obtaining electrical energy through the burning of solid biomass is generally done on a large scale. Steam moves a turbine connected to a generator that produces electricity.
    - - Biomass transformation into energy. The biomass can be evaluated through four basic processes through which it can be transformed into heat and electricity: combustion, pyrolysis, gasification and anaerobic digestion. Combustion.
  - - - Wind energy is harnessed through the use of wind machines or air motors capable of transforming wind energy into usable rotational mechanical energy, either to directly operate the operating machines or for the production of electrical energy.
    - - The energy contained in the wind must be transformed, depending on the need, into electrical, mechanical or thermal energy. Thermal energy is obtained from wind energy can be used to generate cold or heat, for industrial processes.
- - - - Nuclear fission is the separation of a heavy nucleus into smaller nuclei, while nuclear fusion is the combination of light nuclei to create a larger and heavier one.
    - - The transformation of nuclear energy into electricity occurs in stages. The fission of the uranium or plutonium nuclei occurs in the nuclear reactor. This emits a large amount of energy in the form of heat.
  - - - It originates from the breakdown of land vegetables, leaves, wood, bark, and spores, which accumulate in swampy, lagoon or marine areas, of shallow depth. Dead vegetables accumulate at the bottom of a basin.
    - - If the coal is found a at depth not exceeding 30 m, it is extracted in open pit mines, where the field is made accessible after the elimination of the top layers of rocks and soil by means of explosive charges. The first method consists in extracting coal while leaving “ pillars ” to support the roof of the mine. The second method envisages the use of a series of supporting structures called “ scaffoldings ” which can be easily removed and support the roof in the mining area. While the extraction goes on, the scaffoldings are removed and the roof collapses.
  - - - Biogenic natural gas is generated from the breakdown of organic matter under the action of bacteria in the diagenetic stage. ... It also comes from the decomposition of organic matter, but controlled by temperature, hence its name.
    - - Once a deposit has been detected and its hydrocarbon reserves quantified, the discovery is carried out by means of wells that aim to produce that reserve. The existence of some non-producing wells (dry wells) is inevitable, given the infinite variability of nature. Seismic studies of detail and subsurface geology lead to lessen these losses.
        Crude oil, gas and water can flow from the producing wells, which are isolated in the Separators, taking into account technical-economic and safety reasons.
        Subsequently, the oil is transported through pipelines or trucks to the delivery points, the gas through pipelines and the water is reinjected or disposed of without environmental risks.
  - - - The main organic matter that gives rise to oil comes from marine organisms. Remains of animals that lived in the seas and oceans of the world millions of years ago, mixed with various sediments, sand and mud. This causes silt and sand to become shales and sandstone.
    - - The most common method is the rocker arm by means of which a pump is operated at the bottom of the well through permanent balancing to suck the oil to the surface.