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Star Lifecycle (Nebula (Stable (Main Sequence) Star (Red Giant Star (White…

- - - - White Dwarf Star
        
        Thin outer layers of a Red Giant run out of energy
        
        Only the core of the star remains
        
        The size of the Earth
        
        Extremely dense
        
        Black Dwarf
        
        White dwarf cools and dims to become a Black Dwarf star
      - Supernova
        
        Matter is compressed beyond the density of a white dwarf star
        –> star becomes very unstable
        => explodes as a supernova
        
        Throws dust and gas into space
        => forms a new nebula
        
        Can become as bright as a galaxy for a few months
      - Neutron Star
        
        Gravity of a large star can compress its core
        –> only a few tens of kilometres across
        
        Tiny
        
        Rapidly spinning
        
        Can be the result of a supernova explosion
      - Black Hole
        
        Stars can become extremely small and dense
        => gravitational fields becomes very strong
        –> not even waves of light can escape
        
        Can pull matter in from nearby stars
        –> can glow very brightly as it falls into the black hole
      - Hydrogen 'fuel' for nuclear fission eventually runs out
        => core collapses under gravity
        => increase in pressure and temperature
        => helium is fused, producing more energy and radiation pressure
      - Radiation pressure pushes out the outer layers of the star
        => star swells up dramatically
      - Outer layers become further out
        => cool down and glow with a red colour