Atkinson & Shiffrin
Nature and Nurture
Multi store model of memory
They claim that information passes through sections in a linear structure
Information only transferred to long term if repeated
There are 3 main ways information can be encoded:
Visual (pictures)
Acoustic (sounds)
Semantics (meanings)
Capacity concerns how much information can be stored
Duration refers to the period of time information can last in the memory stores
Stimulus
Sensory memory (5 secs)
Initial Processing
Short term memory (20 secs)
Rehearsal
Long term memory (few minutes/lifetime)
Clustering
Claboration
Memory Lost/Forgotten
Information is not encoded
1968
Information Processing
1) Information processing 'appears' to improve with age
as children grow older they seem to remember and recall more information as they have engaged in numerous experiences
2) Experiences enhances information processing
It is suggested children think differently to adults when processing information. As we get older we use our past experiences to solve new problems in the present.
3) Information processing may be at the heart of intelligence
There has been thought around that the speed at which information is processed is the foundation of intelligence