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severe face and arm muscle spasms (4 systems (Muscular system, Nervous…
severe face and arm muscle spasms
moves into inhibitory nerve terminals
Serious condition on spinal cord
disinhibition of lower motor neurons
to the spinal cord and brainstem
Muscle rigidity and spasms
rigidity and spasms of respiratory
infected in higher functions like cognition
inhibiting release of acetylcholine
activation of voluntary muscles
4 systems
Muscular system
Nervous system
Immune system
Respiratory system
often fatal
Occur at the neuromuscular junction
initially at neuromuscular junction
motor neurons to the spinal cord
inhibitory presynaptic terminals
destroys a vesicular synaptic
inactivation of inhibitory neurotransmission
suppresses motor neuron and muscle activity
Widespread intoxication
state of muscle hyperexcitability.
Neurotransmitters of muscle contraction
Acetylcholine
Released and Binds to Receptors
membrane channels open
contracts a relaxed muscle fibers
influx of sodium ions
trigger the release of stored calcium ions
Calcium ion diffuse into the muscle fiber
Contraction
Exocytosis
Regulated exocytosis
secretory cells such assuch as hormones, neurotransmitters, and digestive enzymes.
released by extracellular signals
Constitutive exocytosis
regular secretion of molecules
deliver membrane proteins and lipids
cell's surface
expel substances to the cell's exterior
Step of Exocytosis
Trafficking
Tethering
Docking
Priming
Fusion
The difference between
Summation
addition of successive neural stimuli to produce greater contraction
Tetanus
the fusion of contractions to produce a continuous contraction
Muscle Twitch
single contraction of a stimulated muscle
Clostridium tetani
produce a potent toxin tetanospasmin
interferes with motor neurons
causing tetanus
in the soil or intestinal tracts of animals
entering the body through a wound
releases the toxins tetanolysin and tetanospasmin
severe disease of tetanus.
spreads via the lymphatic system and bloodstream
the nervous system
blocking the release of the inhibitory
widespread activation of motor neurons
muscle spasm
infection with lockjaw
to the abdominal muscles and the limbs