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COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT IN LATE ADULTHOOD (Cognitive Functioning in Older…
COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT IN LATE ADULTHOOD
Cognitive Functioning in Older Adults
Training Cognitive Skills
Training can improve cognitive skills and
some loss in plasticity in late adulthood
Cognitive Neuroscience and Aging
Strengthen brain scaffolding with
cognitive engagement and exercise
Multidimensionality and Multidirectionality
-Cognitive mechanics ( the neurophysiological architecture including brain) are more likely to decline older adults than are cognitive pragmatics (the culture-based software of the mind).
-Memory (Explicit memory declines more than implicit memory)
Use it or Lose it
Older adults who engage in cognitive activities (challenging ones) have higher cognitive functioning than those who don't use their cognitive skills
Education, Work and Health
Poor health is related to decreased performance on intelligence tests by older adults
Exercise is linked to higher cognitive functioning
Language Development
Difficulty in retrieving words to use in conversation
Work and Retirement
Adjustment to Retirement
Healthy, have adequate income,active better educated have extended social network both friends and family
Work
need to work for living expenses in old age
Mental Health
Depression
Major depression - A mood disorder in which individual is deeply unhappy, demoralized, self derogatary and bored.
The person does not feel well,loses stamina easily, has poor appetite and is listless and unmotivated
Dementia, Alzheimer Disease and Other Afflictions
Dementia
- A global term for any neurological disorder
in which the primary symptoms involve a
deterioration of mental functioning
Alzheimer disease
- A progressive, irreversible brain disorder characterized by a gradual deterioration
of memory, reasoning, language
and physical function
Parkinson Disease
A chronic progressive disease characterized by muscle tremors, slowing of movement and partial facial paralysis
Religion and Spirituality
Older adults are the leader of spiritual.Religious interest increases in old age and is related to a sense of well being in the elderly