Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
52-year-old female diagnosed with ALS after genetic testing. ((Patient can…
52-year-old female diagnosed with ALS after genetic testing.
Patient is not able to play pool any more due to decreased strength in her upper limbs.
Family history of ALS, her brother die from this and possibly her father did too.
Her previous activity of playing pool, her voluntary nerve cells began to deteriorate.
Genetic testing was done due to family history of ALS, patient test confirms patient has ALS too.
Risk factors such as age, sex, genetic.
Patient come in due to the following symptoms: muscle weakness, legs get tired easily, unable to do normal daily tasks.
Patient tripped outside her house and hurt her knee.
The immune system
Diaphragm, which is in the respiratory system
The brain and spinal nerve cells are affected as well. Astrocytes are found in the spinal cord.
Cerebrum is part of the brain composed of right and left hemispheres of the brain.
Primarily ALS affects the nervous system
Spinal cord is made up of nerves tissue is located in the brain stem.
Neurons types and structures: sensory, motor and inter-neurons. structures: unipolar. bipolar and multipolar
Muscular system which includes 3 types of muscles such as smooth, cardiac and skeletal muscle.
The frontal lobe will also be affected and this will cause for speech problems.
Glutamate is a excitatory neurotransmitter
Astrocytes are the primary cells in the spinal cord and brain stem, which help to connect one another to be able to receive and send messages.
The nervous system is made of the spinal cord, brain stem, they send messages to the rest of the body .The nervous system has the central and the peripheral nervous systems.
Unipolar neuron are a type of sensory neurons which detected pain, and also send messages regarding, temperature, body position. Bipolar neurons they are also, sensory that transmit messages of balance, taste and perception. Multi polar neurons are integrating neurons and motors neuron as well.
In the frontal lobe the Broca area help with the production of speech.
The muscular system helps with movement, posture, and to help with blood circulation. It can also help with voluntary movements of our body.
The brain will send out signals to our nervous system, such as the spinal cord and our nerves ans the neurons will send the message to the muscles, joints, tendons and for our skeletal system to work and produce movement.
Ascending tracts are sensory ,they send information form the body to the brain from processing. Its composed of 3 neuron the 1st one has receptor and brings the information to the spinal cord, 2nd is the inter neuron in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord and the 3rd is a neuron in the thalamus that connects with cerebral cortex
Descending tracts are motor tracts. They help to give direction in the brain. Skeletal muscle respond to this type of tracts. Descending tracts are made of two neuron: The upper motor neuron, which is in the brain or the brain stem, the Lower motor neuron, which is the neuron that synapses with the muscle.
The immune system function is to fight against any foreign bodies and also with inflammation to protect our body from infection or any foreign invaders in our body. But inflammation, Also increases the change for motor neurons to die.
The Diaphragm is made of skeletal muscle, which helps with breathing, it allows to contract for inhaling and exhaling and providing air to the lungs.
The glutamate a excitatory neurotransmitter sends signals to the between nerve cells.
During the early stage of ALS the following symptoms may occur: muscle weakness, tightens , twitching, cramping of one particular body part.
There is no cure for ALS as of now, but the following treatments: Glutamate blockers, physical therapy, speech therapy.It can be done to help reduce the symptoms and help to be able to manage the patients daily activities.
During the middle stage the following symptoms occur: the muscle weakness spreads to the rest of the body parts, muscles become paralyzed and lose their strength.
In the late stages of ALS some patients also tend to be diagnosed with dementia due to loss of memory and difficulty to make decisions.
During the late stage and final for most people who have ALS the following symptoms occur: most voluntary muscle movement is unable to be done, unable to eat or breath with out assistance,
Due to the weakened of the muscles in the mouth the patient will no be able to eat this causing for malnutrition. To help with feeding the patient will get a feeding tube.
Prognosis with someone with ALS is 3-5 years due to complication of malnutrition, pulmonary embolism and heart arrhythmia.
Patient can get pneumonia due to the difficulty breathing because the muscles in the chest, and diaphragm will weakened and there is a possibility of aspiration of foods in lungs or fluids this causing pneumonia.
To help with breathing the patient may have a permanent ventilator to assist with breathing.
.