Neuromuscular Junction
Neuromuscular junction
Tetanus toxins bond to your nerve endings and are almost impossible to remove. Tetanus can cause many symptoms
On assessment you notice pt with multiple tattoos and even a fresh one on his shoulder. Bother reports that the tattoo parlor was "sketchy"
23 y/o Male brought into ER for severe face and muscle spasms and can hardly speak
Muscle contractions
Muscle twitch
Wave summation
Muscle tension
Action potential arrives and initiates synaptic transmission
Na+ channels open, depolarizing the axon terminal membrane
Depolarization of terminal membrane causes voltage-gated Ca+ to open
Ca+ enters the cell and triggers the acetylcholine vesicles with the presynaptic membrane
Acetylcholine molecules diffuse across the synaptic cleft and bind to receptor on the postsynaptic membrane
Activated receptors open chemically gated Na+ channels and depolarizes the postsynaptic membrane
Acetylcholine in the synaptic cleft is broken down by the enzyme acetylcholinesterase and the components are taken back up by presynaptic cell for resynthesis
After synaptic transmission, acetylcholine and vesicles are recycled
Clostridium tetani
Is an obligate anaerobic bacteria whose spores produces 2 district toxins
Tetanolysin
Tetanospasmin
Causes local tissue destruction
Causes clinical tetanus
Hypertonicity and generalized severe muscular spasms develop when the tetanus toxin blocks the release of inhibitory neurotransmitters at the NSJ
These spasms often protracted and can cause death by means of severe resistant laryngospasm and respiratory muscle failure
Exocytosis
Cells form a vesicle around material the needs to be expelled from the cell
The vesicles is transported to the cell membrane
The vesicle membrane fuses with the cell membrane and releases the contents from the cell
A small, local, involuntary muscle contraction and relaxation which may be visible under the skin
Occurs when a second stimulus of the same intensity is applied to a s muscle before completion of the relaxation period of the first stimulus
Condition in which muscles of the body remains semi-contracted for an extended period
Systems
Muscular System
Nervous System
Immune system
Respiratory System
Jaw camping
Fever & sweating
Trouble swallowing
Changing in blood pressure
Muscle tightening
Untreated tetanus can lead to death