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3) Cell Biology and Biochemistry Controlling the Cellular Environment (7…
3) Cell Biology and Biochemistry
Controlling the Cellular Environment
7-Acids, Bases and Buffers
Acids
Strong acids dissociate there H+ ions easily
-most inorganic acids HCl
Weak acids dissociate slightly
-most organic acid CH3COOH
Molecules that release H+ ions (proton)
Carbonic acid
-hydrogen carbonate system
Bases
molecules that accept H+ ions
pH
a measure of H+ ions
M=molar= The number of moles of a substance dissolved in 1 litre (1dm^3)
1 mole =6.02x 10^24 molecules
Each drop of one unit on the pH scale
indicates a tenfold increase
in the hydrogen ion concentration
Formulas
pH 7=
The connection of H+ ions in pure water
define the mid point of the pH scale.
Buffers
Must have an acid and a base (Weak acid and base)
-Acid donate H+ ions to stop the pH going up
-Base accept H+ ions to prevent the pH going down
pH of intracellular fluid and body fluids=6.5-8.0
pH in the body needs to be kept relatively constant:
-limit damage
-optimum pH of enzymes
phosphate buffer
main buffer in cells
8-Cell Membrane and Transport
9-The Cellular Environment