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The Nervous System (Diencephalon (Hypothalamus(Water Balance) (Controls…
The Nervous System
Diencephalon
Thalamus
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Plays a role in emotions, memory, awareness, & cognition
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Limb System
Emotional aspects of behavior & aids in memory, pleasure center
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Function:
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Integrative Function- It analyzes sensory info., stores some aspects, and makes decision regarding appropriate behaviors.
Motor Functions- It may respond to stimuli by initiating muscular contractions or glandular secretions
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Action Potential
Strong enough stimulation or nerve impulse causes Sodium gates to open, sodium rushes into cell causing depolarization
Potassium rushes out of neuron after sodium rushes in, which causes a repolarization of the membrane back to resting potential
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Brain
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Cerebrum
Cortex - dark outer area consists of gray matter; contains cell bodies of 75% of all neurons in the NS (Unmyelinated nerves)
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Functional areas of..
Frontal lobe
Primary Motor Cortex(controls voluntary actions of specific muscles or groups of muscles on opposite sides of body
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Association Areas: Concerned with more complex integrative functions, such as memory, emotion, reasoning, judgment
Partial lobe
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Receives impulses for touch, pain, precipitation, & temperature
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Cerebellum(Little brain)
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Coordination, balance, & posture
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Nerves
Peripheral
Most are mixed nerves, Carrying both sensory & motor info.
Spinal
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Posterior/dorsal roots contain sensory fibers whose cell bodies are located in dorsal root ganglion(Connection between two neurons)
Anterior/ventral roots contain motor axons & conduct impulses from brain & cord to periphery(motor info.)
Cranial
Glossopharyngea: Motor(Secretion of saliva) ; Sensory(Taste), regulaterion of blood pressure, & proprioception of muscles involved in swallowing
Vagus: Motor(Smooth muscle contraction & Relaxation, vomiting/nausea, heart, lungs ; Sensory(Visceral organs it supplies & body position
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Abducens: Lateral rectus, eye muscle abducts eye Motor
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Oculomotor: Motor muscles of eye, eyelid, & pupillary constriction
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Types of:
Response
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Summation - Occurs when another stimulus of same type arrives before effect or first stimulus wears off, ADDITIVE EFFECT of two or more stimuli
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Reflex
Rapid, predictable, & INVOLUNTARY responses to stimuli
ARC: Direct route from a sensory neuron, to an interneuron, motor neuron to an effector
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