The use of honey preparations for the potential prevention of biofilm formation associated with multi-resistant urinary pathogens (15+ UMF)

INTRODUCTION

What is manuka honey? - How is it produced? where?

How available is it? affordable? BBC 'Is manuka worth it?'

What is UMF scale? and MGO scale?

Biofilm forming bacteria - what they do - catheters - recurrent/hospital acquired UTIs - immunocompromised

Why are they problematic? = lumen of catheters / medical equipment

How are they normally treated?

The clinical impact of finding an alternative for NHS treatments and also bypass antibiotic resistance from using imperial antibiotics all the time for UTIs

WHY manuka honey? how is it any different from standard honey?

This study will investigate and evaluate the effect of Manuka honey on gram negative ESBL producing bacteria commonly associated with multi resistant urinary pathogens. The aim of the study is to set a foundation to potentially integrate manuka honey into the manufacture/preparation of urinary catheters.

Leading cause of UTI

What studies have been done?

How does it defeat bacteria?

Been researched even back in early 1990's

Becoming well known in western society - available off the shelf in shops

https://www.theguardian.com/business/2019/sep/24/new-zealand-pushes-to-shut-australia-out-of-manuka-honey-market-in-china


Being monopolised - new zealand trying to push australia out of the market selling to china.

we also found Manuka honey to demonstrate significantly greater antimicrobial activity at lower UMF grades when compared to UMF 15+ honey. We conclude that UMF grade, as an indicator of MGO content and honey quality, may be misleading to the consumer as it may not necessarily correlate with antibacterial efficacy of the Manuka honey at the time of purchase or the time of use https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0224495

Many different bacteria form biofilms, including gram-positive (e.g. Bacillus spp, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus spp, and lactic acid bacteria, including Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactococcus lactis) and gram-negative species (e.g. Escherichia coli, or Pseudomonas aeruginosa).[67] Cyanobacteria also form biofilms in aquatic environments.



^ Rossi F, De Philippis R (2015). "Role of Cyanobacterial Exopolysaccharides in Phototrophic Biofilms and in Complex Microbial Mats". Life. 5 (2): 1218–1238. doi:10.3390/life5021218. PMC 4500136. PMID 25837843.

Study on trying to attenuate biofilm formation


https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/full/10.1098/rsos.170702

P.mirabilis and catheter associated urinary tract infections


https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.4161/viru.2.5.17783