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Genetics (sexual reproduction- the process when new organisms are created…
Genetics
sexual reproduction- the process when new organisms are created by combining the genetic info from two people of different genders. An advantage is genetic variation. Disadvantage is takes time.
asexual reproduction- The process where a single organism/cell makes itself a copy. advantage less time. disadvantage can devolop bad and harmful mutations.
Natrual selection- process of forms of life having traits that better use them to adapt to an environment. Ex-a peppered.
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genome
The complete set of genes, Genes are made of the chemicsl DNA
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chromosomes 
Gene
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Alleles
Different forms of the same gene. An example is eyes are the trait and the alleles are the of the eyes.
Dominant trait/alleles
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It is shown as HH, homozygous dominant
Hh, heterozygous dominant
The gene is not visible, but present. It is a lower case letter shown.
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l
Traits - a specific characteristic of an individual, determined by genes and also determined by the interaction of the environment and genes.
Genotype and Phenotype: genotype- the actual gene, the makeup of an organism. Phenotype - the physical appearance, what you actually see.
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Humans have 23 pairs, a total of 46 chromosomes. Their made of nucleic acid and proteins found in the nucleus cell. You recieve half from your mom and half from your dad. The X and Y determine offspring.
N.S.- organisms that have traits to help them better adapt in the enviornment.
Example: Peppered moth, deer mice
A.S.- breeding of plants and animals created on purpose.
Example: Dolly the Sheep clone, Baby the Dog clone
Mutation- A sudden permanent changed in the DNA, It can be caused by the environment or a gene.
Ex 1. Bad mutation: Deletion Mutation - a chromosone is left out of DNA replication ( cystic fibrosis).Ex 2. Good mutation: Increased fitness mutation (being extreamly flexible)Ex 3. Indifferent mutation: Not harmful or helpful- (blue eye mutation)
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In the News ELA article "How Gene Mutation Works'', gene mutation can be caused by environment factors.