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A 61 year-old male piano teacher with a long history of alcohol abuse was…

- - - - located under the cerebrum
        
        Function
        
        coordinate muscle movements
        
        maintain posture
        
        balance
    - - acts as a relay center
        
        connecting the cerebrum and cerebellum to the spinal cord.
    - - Largest part of the brain
        
        Divided into two heimspheres
        
        Performs higher functions
        
        For example
        
        interpreting touch.
        
        vision and hearing
        
        Speech
        
        Reasoning
        
        Emotions
        
        Learning
        
        Fine control of movement
        
        Right hemisphere
        
        controls the left side of the body
        
        Left hemisphere
        
        controls the right side of the body
        
        Joined by corpus collusum
  - - - A folded appearance with hills and valleys.
  - - - Primarily in fiber tracts
        
        Dense coating of fatty myelin is what give it its color
  - - - lies in a small pocket of bone at the skull base called the sella turcica.
        
        controls other endocrine glands in the body
        
        . It secretes hormones that control sexual development, promote bone and muscle growth, and respond to stress.
    - - located in the floor of the third ventricle
        
        master control of the autonomic system.
        
        functions that are controled
        
        sleep
        
        thirst
        
        hunger
        
        sexual responses
        
        functions that are regulated
        
        body temperature
        
        blood pressure
        
        emotions
        
        secretion of hormones
    - - includes
        
        caudate
        
        , putamen
        
        globus pallidus.
      - These nuclei work with the cerebellum to coordinate fine motions
        
        Such as fingertip movements.
    - - located behind the third ventricle
        
        It helps regulate the body’s internal clock and circadian rhythms by secreting melatonin.
    - - serves as a relay station for almost all information that comes and goes to the cortex.
        
        plays a role in
        
        pain sensation
        
        attention
        
        alertness
        
        memory
    - - center of
        
        memory
        
        learning
        
        emotions
      - parts of the brain that are included are
        
        cingulate gyri
        
        hypothalamus
        
        amygdala (emotional reactions)
        
        hippocampus (memory).
    - - The dorsal posterior segment of the diencephalon
        
        involved in the maintenance of circadian rhythms and regulation of motor pathways and emotions.
    - - Receives afferent connections from
        
        the substantia nigra
        
        striatum
        
        also regulates skeletal muscle movements.
  - - - deep within the central hemisphere
        
        large C-shaped chambers
        
        reflect the pattern of cerebral growth
    - - communicates with both of the lateral ventricles
    - - third ventricle continues to this one
        
        Fourth ventricle lies in the hindbrain dorsal to the pons and superior medulla
        
        Three openings mark the walls of this ventricle
        
        median aperture in its roof
        
        The paired lateral apertures in its side walls
    - - From the fourth ventricle, CSF flows into the subarachnoid space where it bathes and cushions the brain.
        
        CSF is recycled (or absorbed) by special structures in the superior sagittal sinus called arachnoid villi.
  - - - respiratory function
      - consciousness
      - in the regulation of cardiac
      - the sleep cycle.
    - - Contains nuclei that relay signals from the forebrain to the cerebellum
    - - Associated with
        
        hearing
        
        temperature regulation.
        
        vision
        
        motor control
        
        sleep and wake cycles
        
        alertness
    - - process information to and from the spinal cord and the cerebellum.
- - - - Receives input from the cranial nuclei of the vestibular nerve
    - - Receives input primarily from the brainstem and cerebral cortex.
    - - Receives input primarily from the spinal cord.
  - - - Superior cerebellar peduncles
        
        Connecting cerebellum and the midbrain
        
        carry instructions from neurons in the deep cerebellar nuclei to the cerebral motor cortex via thalamic relays
      - Middle cerebellar peduncles
        
        Caries one way communication from pons to cerebellum
        
        Advises cerebellum of vocabulary motor activities.
      - Inferior cerebellar peduncles
        
        connects the medulla and cerebellum
- - - - Preventing brain tissue from getting oxygen and nutrients.
        
        Resulting in brain cells and tissue to die off
  - - - Each part of the brain controls a different function
        
        Each stroke can cause different impairments.
- - - - Body temperature
      - Concenciousness
      - Heart rate
- - - - High blood pressure
      - Tobacco
      - Weight (Ex.overweight)
      - History of stroke in the family
      - Diabetes
      - Stress
    - - A blocked artery
      - Leaking or bursting of a blood vessel
  - - - Blood clot
        
        The brain cell and tissue of the clogged part of the brain dies off
      - Leaking/burst blood vessel
        
        The leaking blood is causing pressure on a part of the brain
  - - - It can increase your risk of having a stroke caused by bleeding in your brain
- - - - the brain cells and tissue will either
        
        die
        
        be affected by the pressure in from the blood leaking
  - - - also decision on what he will do after the stroke that will determine if he will recover well enough to play piano
  - - - causing heart failure