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HASS Mind Map, civics and citerzenship mind map (undermining justice…
HASS Mind Map
civics and citerzenship mind map
six key concepts of civics and citerzenship
democracy
democracy is a system of government where the people will be in charge of or how they will be ruled and managed
democracy comes from the greek words dmos meaning people or citizen and 'kratos' meaning rule so in terms people rule
in a democracy the people make the rules
representative democracy
representative democracy means someone or a group that represents the people or citizens
people elect a partie to represent their beliefs
political parties stand and value different things
people have the power to determine rules
democratic values
democratic values are beliefs and ideals held by our society as a democracy
examples of democratic values
respect
being considerate and valuing their beliefs and views
equality
having the same rights and privileges as others and are not treated differently because of their race, religion or sex
fairness
everyone is treated the same and have equal opportunity and given a fair go
freedom
Rights, privileges and responsibilities for everyone without control from other people or the government.
fairness is a widely known democratic value that is valued in australia
when a person is accused of a crime they have the right to a fair trial and the judge cant be bias without evidence
the western minister system
Australia's government system is based on the western minister system
this system of government was founded in the united kingdom
western minister system is used by many different countries including Canada and New Zealand
made up of two houses
lower house known as the house of representatives
these houses contain people that have been elected on their behalf
upper house known as the senate
this system has a queen or a governor general that gives it the royal stamp of approval for it to become a law
governor general represents the queen
justice
in Australia justice means to treat each other that is fair to all
in Australia's legal system we courage everyone is bought to justice
justice is bought through the key principles of
right to a fair trial
heard by a judge and a jury to be proven innocent or guilty
unbiased jurie
the jury that is hearing the case is not purposely on one side
legal representations
a lawyer to represent them
burden of proof
real proof to prove guilty or innocent
participation
participation is important in a democracy
taking part and contributing in society
citizens participate in society by voting in an election and or referendum, paying taxes and serving a jury
by participating by paying taxes not only contributes to how society runs but contributes to the roads we drive on and schools
rights and responsibillities
rights and responsibilities are given and refer to entitlements and duties as citizens
rights
the right to vote
the right to trial by jury
the right to freedom of religion
rights are given to us
repsonsibillities
obeying the law
jury service
paying taxes
responsibilities we must do
living in a democracy
Australia is also a liberal democracy
certain values viewed as extremely important
freedom of movement
freedom of elections
freedom of religion
freedom of assembly
freedom of speech
freedom from arbitrary arrest
I know I wont be arrested for nothing
I can openly criticise the government
I can meet up with a group of friends
I can follow my religious beliefs
I can run as a candidate for an election
or I can vote when I'm 18 in an election
I can go out when I please
Australian citizens over the age of 18 years of age have the right to vote in a election for a candidate
this is called representative democracy
in a representative democracy elections are held regularly so if the people do not like the way things are being run they can elect a new party to hopefully do a better job
Australians have the right to openly protest
this is called freedom of speech which is a important Australian value.
Political Parties
parliament is made up of members from political parties
a political party is made up of people who share similar ideas about how the state and country should be run
in Australia two parties dominate
labour
liberal
liberal and national for a partnership because they have similar beliefs to win more seats this is called a coallition
believes in power of individual and businesses to make their own choice and prosper
strive for less government control
standing for the sucssers
Australia's oldest political party
believes government should play a strong national role
fairer Australia for workers
tries to close the gap between rich and poor
for the working class give to the poor
two smaller parties in Australia
greens
nationals
liberal and national for a partnership because they have similar beliefs to win more seats this is called a coallition
represents the interests of Australians living outside the cities
believes in the strong local communities
evidence driven solution to majour problems
inequality
climate change
increasing cost for living enviromentally
younger people teens (18 yo) tend to vote for
parliment
made up of two houses
upper house-senate-states
lower house- house of representatives
76 seats in the lower house+ in power because its 76 out of 150 which is majority (over half)
political spin
to make themselves look good to voters and making their opponents look bad they present information in a way that will win public opinions
analysing political cartoons
cartoons pass comments on political, topical and social issues.
present caricatures of figures.
exaggerating physical features
use stereotypes
use these 5 steps to identify political cartoons
step 1) identify the date, title and caption
step 2) look at the cartoon and identify what is happening without trying to understand and interpret it
step 3) identify the political event or issue and look for visual codes
step 4) look for symbols, metaphors caricature that gives clues
step 5) method the humor, do you agree with the message
factors that may influence voter behaviour
public debate
media
opinion poles
advertising
interest groups
important issues
party loyalty
campaign stratergies
1 more item...
always vote for the same political party no mater what
short term issues that effect them personally
sometimes called lobby groups
pay for advertising space billboards, newspapers, websites, radio and television. make themselves look good and someone else look bad
measure publicly can influence voter opinion
what we read, see, view and hear affects our views on parties. not all information is impartical
competing parties engage in formal debates, televised opposing mps publicly argue
top 5 issues for young people
jobs for young people
rent and housing
university funding
same sex marriage
climate change
counting the votes
preferential used to determine who will win
to win a candidate must receive a majority of voters then they are elected straight away
if not candidate with fewest first preferences is eliminated and the second preference is distributed to other candidates
members are elected for three years
how laws are made
laws can be made by
commonwealth
state
territory
local councils
court judges
most laws are made by parliments
laws made by parliament are referred to as legislation statues acts.
laws made by commonwealth parliament are laws that apply to the whole of Australia
local councils make minor laws within their community
judges in high courts such as supreme and high court can make laws
judge makes decision to resolve a despute
undermining justice
Australia's system is not perfect and injustices occur
all suspects have the right of silence
they don't have to answer questions they only have to give name and adress
suspects that aren't familiar with English may have a disadvantage because they do not have adequate skills
Trial by media
traditional and online media can spread information really quickly
the media can effect someone's view on a suspect and can make the jury biased
can make it seem like someones guilty
corruption
any form of dishonest behaviour to break the rules for their own benefit
can include bribing
we have independent and anti corruption agencies. we rely on people to come forward and report corruption
main types of legal disputes
civil
civil cases involve private people or organisations
breach of rights, seeking money to make up for injuries due to another persons carless actions
negligance
failure to take care of something
defamation
ruining someone's reputation by saying untrue things
contract law
not abiding the terms on a contract
most commonly a plaintiff will be awarded a sum of money to compensate their loss
criminal
criminal case is where the police get involved (receive a sanction)
minor criminal crimes heard by a magistrate
includes minor theft, minor trafficking, driving over the speed limit
court juisdictions
Australians legal system each state and territory has its own system of court, federal courts
court hierachy
supreme court of appeal
supreme court
district court
magistrates court
family court
no jury and deals with divorce and adoption
95% of cases are held at the magistrates court
intermediate court and deals with abuse, sexual abuse
general division
most serious cases including murder