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Medicine in the 18th and 19th centuries (Prevention (Burning barrels of…
Medicine in the 18th and 19th centuries
Causes
Some people still thought that miasma was the cause of disease
After Pasteur's germ theory, people began to question whether bacteria was the cause
Koch discovered that bacteria caused individual disease
John Snow's work on cholera supported Pasteur's later theory
Treatment
Due to Nightingale, treatment and hospital care improved
Surgery had improved as new chemicals were used to treat wounds
Anaesthetics were improved as chloroform was invented which was used instead of nitrous oxide and ether
Joseph Lister developed antiseptics to clean wounds of infection
bleeding and purging
honey
hospitals-pavillion style to separate different illnesses; Nightingale school of nursing
ligature
vaccines
Prevention
Burning barrels of vinegar or tar to get rid of bad air
Smoking cigars as protection against miasma
Praying or wearing lucky charms
Taking medicines or pills that 'guaranteed protection'
Cleaning houses and scattering chloride of lime (great for making places look clean
Burning the clothes and bedding of victims
public health act 1848: board of health set up to improve water supply and provide medical officers
public health act 1875: compulsory for local councils to improve sewers and fresh water
1871: government made vaccination compulsory
vaccination against disease e.g. small pox, typhus, rabies
wealthy had toilets in their home
sewers were built
toilets cleaned on a more regular basis
Breakthroughs
Cholera bacteria identified by snow
Germ theory- Pasteur
Vaccines-Koch
Anti-septics
Chloroform
Better microscopes
scientific Journals
Government began to take charge of health