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Mind Map12 (Fallacies of Reasoning (Hasty Generalization (The hasty…
Mind Map12
Fallacies of Reasoning
Hasty Generalization
The hasty generalization fallacy relates to inductive reasoning and is the result of too few examples being cited to warrant the generalization.
False Analogy
The false analogy fallacy also relates to inductive reasoning and results when the situations or circumstances being compared are not similar enough.
False Authority
The false authority fallacy results when the person making an argument doesn’t actually have the qualifications to be credible but is perceived as credible because they are respected or admired.
False Cause
The false cause fallacy relates to causal reasoning and occurs when a speaker argues, with insufficient evidence, that one thing caused or causes another.
Ad Hominem
Ad hominem means “to the person” in Latin and refers to a common fallacy of attacking a person rather than an argument.
Bandwagon
Parents and other sources of guidance in our lives have tried to keep us from falling for the bandwagon fallacy.
Slippery Slope
The slippery slope fallacy occurs when a person argues that one action will inevitably lead to a series of other actions.
False Dilemma
The false dilemma fallacy occurs when a speaker rhetorically backs his or her audience into a corner, presenting them with only two options and arguing that they must choose either one or the other.
Red Herring
The red herring fallacy is my favorite because it has an interesting origin—and it was used in Scooby Doo! The origin of the name of this fallacy comes from old foxhunting practices in England.
Appeal to Tradition
The appeal to tradition fallacy argues that something should continue because “it’s the way things have been done before.
Inductive Reasoning
Inductive reasoning reaches conclusions through the citation of examples and is the most frequently used form of logical reasoning.
Deductive Reasoning
Deductive reasoning derives specifics from what is already known. It was the preferred form of reasoning used by ancient rhetoricians like Aristotle to make logical arguments.
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