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A 52- year- old female( a Gulf war veteran) presents in the doctor's…
A 52- year- old female( a Gulf war veteran) presents in the doctor's office complaining of recent challenges completing normal tasks. In her 20's she been an avid pool player, but recently founds it difficult to continue to play. The pool stick has begun to feel heavier to her and she doesn't have strength to strike the balls hard anymore. Muscle weakness has impacted other areas, no longer can go grocery shopping legs get tired quickly, tripped outside her house and hurt her knee. Pt was asked family history, she states that her brother died from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis at 31, not confirmed but her father was suspected to died form ALS too. Genetic testing came back and PT positive for ALS.
Downstream
Nervous System
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Spinal cord
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Treatment
Physical and occupational therapy can help you stay strong and make the most of the abilities you still have.
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Muscular system
Skeletal muscles
Arms/Legs
Treatment
Physical and occupational therapy can help you stay strong and make the most of the abilities you still have.
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Massester muscle
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Treatment
Speech therapy can help you with coughing, swallowing, and talking after weakness in the face, throat, and chest begins.
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Respiratory system
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Treatment
Non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) appears to reduce lung function decline, thus improving survival and quality-of-life of patients affected by the disease.
Upstream
Direct: Attacks nerve cells, called motor neurons.
Upper motor neuron: Brain
Lower motor neuron: Spinal cord
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Indirect: Military service- exposure to metal or chemicals,
Environmental toxin exposure.
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Background
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Spinal cord
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Gray mater
Dorsal root
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Sensory neurons
Psuedounipolar
One Axon
Two branches
One dendrite
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Second dendrite
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Physiology
Organ system
Respiratory system
Diaphragm
Respiration
Contracts, the volume of the thoracic cavity increases,
Creating a negative pressure there, which draws air into the lungs.
Muscle system
Massester
Jaw
Muscle that helps to pull the lower jaw upward, which causes the jaws to close while chewing.
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Cerebrum
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Five lobes
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Frontal lobe
Involved with motor function, concentration, decision making, planning, and personality
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Descending tract
Carry motor information in efferent nerves from upper motor neurons of cortical structures like the cerebellum and cerebrum.
The descending tracts transmit this information to lower motor neurons, allowing it to reach muscles.
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Process of movement
Precentral gyrus
Controls the voluntary movements of skeletal muscles; cell bodies of the pyramidal tract are found on this gyrus.
Basal nuclei
Interconnected with the cerebral cortex, thalamus, and brainstem, as well as several other brain areas
Control of voluntary motor movements, procedural learning, habit learning, eye movements, cognition, and emotion.
Cerebellum
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Normal motor neuron
Sensory neurons carry signals from the outer parts of your body (periphery) into the central nervous system.
Motor neurons (motoneurons) carry signals from the central nervous system to the outer parts (muscles, skin, glands) of your body.
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