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Lecture 2 (Urinary (Disorders (UTI, kidney stones, cystitis), Tests (BUN,…
Lecture 2
Urinary
kidneys, bladder, and urethra
urine production
liquid waste and maintains of acid-base balance
regulates body hydration
hormone production
regulate RBC production
Disorders
UTI
kidney stones
cystitis
Tests
BUN
urinaalysis
culture and sensitivity
Digestive System
mouth, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines, rectum, and anus
includes accessory organs
liver, gallbladder, and pancreas
breaks down food mechanically and chemically for absorption by intestine
eliminates waste from digestive tract
Disorders
ulcers, hepatitis, colitis, gallstones
Tests
Amylase
stool cultures
bilirubin
gastrin
Respiratory System
nasal passages, throat, trachea, larynx, bronchi, lungs
obtain oxygen for cellular use
expulsion of carbon dioxide waste from metabolic processes in body
Disorders
pneumonia
strep throat
bronchitits
lung cancer
Tests
Electrolytes, RSV, cultures and throat swabs
Skeletal system
includes bones plus connective tissue
functions to support body, provide movement, protect internal organs, store minerals, and produce blood cells
Disorders
fractures
osteoporosis
osteoma
scoliosis
Tests
calcium, uric acid, and ESR
Integumentary System
includes skin, hair, nails, and sweat glands
protection, regulation of body temperature and sensation
Disorders
Ringworm
impetigo
acne
Tests
C & S, KOH prep, and skin biopsy
Nervous System
brain, spinal cord, and neurons throughout the body
body communication related to sensations, intellectual processes, and directs some organs
Disorders
concussion
stroke
meningitis
depression
Tests
CSF analysis
Creatine Kinase Isoenzymes
Reproductive System
male
testes
urethra
prostate
penis
functions to produce and ejaculate sperm
Female
ovaries
fallopian tubes
vagina
cervix
functions to produce eggs to follow for fertilization and nourish the developing embryo
Disorders
STD's, Endometriosis, PMS, and cervical cancer
Tests
Semen analysis, PSA, papsmear, testosterone, estrogen, C&S
Ventral Cavities
Thoracic
contains the heart within "pericardial cavity" and lungs in "pleural cavity"
Abdominal
contains stomach, small and large intestines, spleen, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, and kidneys
pelvic
contains bladder, rectum, ovaries, and testes
Muscular system
includes skeletal muscles that allow for body movement, cardiac muscle that pumps blood, and smooth muscle that regulates the passage of materials through vessels.
Disorders
tendinitis
muscular dystrophy
poliomyelitis
Tests
Aldolase
Creatine Kinase
Myoglobin
Endocrine
includes glands and tissues that produce hormones that are secreted directly into the bloodstream
works with the nervous system to regulate body function to maintain homeostasis
Glands
Pituitary gland
TSH, ACTH, FSH, LH, GH, MSH, prolactin, ADH, and oxytocin
Thyroid
thyroxine, triiodothyronine, and calcitonin
Parathyroid
parathormone
Thymus
thymosin
Pancreas
insulin and glucagon
Adrenals
epinephrine, norepinephrine, glucocorticoids, corticosterone, and aldosterone
Gonads
testosterone, estrogen, and progesterone
Disorders
diabetes mellitus, Cushing's disease, and Grave's disease
Tests
hormone levels, glucose, calcium, cortisol
Dorsal cavities
Cranial
contains the brain
Spinal
contains the spinal cord