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Module 12: Soft Tissue Lesions (Determining and describing lesion…
Module 12: Soft Tissue Lesions
soft tissue lesion
:an area of abnormal appearing skin or mucosa that does not resemble the soft tissue around it
present at birth (mole, birthmark)
infection (warts, acne)
allergic reaction (hives)
injury (blister from burn, scar from cut)
border traits
regular - symmetrical circle or oval shape
irregular - not uniform; deviations from circular or oval shape
margin traits
smooth - level with surface of lesion
raised - above the level of surface of lesion
colors
red and white
white
yellow
blue
lesion configurations
discrete - separate and distinct from one another
grouped - clustered together
confluent - merged together so individual lesions are not distinguishable
linear - lesions that form a line
flat lesions
macule - small, flat, discolored spot; less than 1 cm; can be brown, black, red, or lighter than surrounding skin. Ex: freckles, petechia, amalgam tattoo
patch - flat, discolored spot larger than 1 cm. Ex: lichen planus, snuff dipper's patch, port wine stain, amalgam tattoo
elevated lesions
papule - solid, raised; usually less than 1 cm. Ex: elevated mole
plaque - superficial, raised lesion often formed by the joining of closely grouped papules; more than 1 cm; flatter than nodule. Ex: leukoplakia, psoriasis
nodule - raised, marble like; usually 1 cm or more; hard mass/ Ex: wart, basal cell carcinoma, melanoma, enlarged lymph node
wheal - raised, somewhat irregular area of localized edema; often itchy, lasting 24 hours or less usually due to allergic reaction to drug or insect bite. Ex: hives, bite
fluid filled lesions
vesicle - small blister filled with fluid usually 1 cm or less. Ex: herpes simplex, herpes zoster, chickenpox, smallpox
bulla - large blister filled with fluid usually over 1 cm in diameter. Ex: as seen in burns or trauma
pustule - small raised lesion filled with pus. Ex: acne, boil, abcess
depressed lesions
ulcer - craterlike lesion where top two layers of the skin are lost; depth is superficial less than 3mm. Ex: aphthous ulcer, chickenpox
linear cracks
crack - linear break in the surface of skin or mucosa
fissure - linear crack in top two layers of skin or mucosa. Ex: fissured tongue, angular cheilitis
Determining and describing lesion characteristics
A - Anatomic location - describe location. Allows other clinicians to locate the lesion
B - Border - Examine lesion to see if it is symmetrical or asymmetrical; well demarcated, regular, or irregular Note: asymmetrical lesion w/ irregular border may indicate malignancy
C - Color and configuration - note color and whether lesions are separate, clustered, grouped, confluent, or linear
D - Diameter or dimensions - measure size in mm
T - Type - identify type such as macule, vesicle, etc.