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Civics and citizenship Mikyla Taylor term 4 (Australia's legal…
Civics and citizenship
Mikyla Taylor
term 4
The Australia's constitution
Rules
Written document of rules to govern our nation.
An outline of how the government should be structured
Rights and responsibilities
Make sure people obey the rules
When did it come into effect?
1st of January 1901 when Australia formed one nation
Democratic values
It gives us a set of laws that can be followed or enforced consistently (meaning people can’t make things up as they go along).
• It describes the role of government and how it should be structured so that decisions are made on behalf of the country.
It defines how power should be divided, making sure no single person can have complete control over the way our country is run.
• It allows citizens to read and understand the structure and laws of our country.
6 Concepts of Civics and Citizenship :
Rights and Responsibilities
Rights ensure we have a say and responsibilities ensure we contribute.
The Westminster system
Australia’s system of government based on Westminster system.
Named after area of London where British parliament is located.
Justice
It can mean different things to people from different societies. In Australia it means treat people fair and equal.
Democratic Values
Beliefs and ideals held by democracy.
examples:
Respect
Equality
Fairness
Freedom
Participation
Good citizens contribute, take part in society.
Examples
Voting
Surveying
Paying taxes
Democracy
Comes from the Greek words ‘demos’ meaning citizens ‘kratos’ meaning rule.
Three Levels Of Government
The levels of government makes laws which provides services and can punish people for breaking laws
Federal government makes laws from the entire country.
The leader of the federal government is the prime minister Scott Morrison.
Deal with
Marriage
Immigration
Currency
State and territory Government
Deal with:
Laws apply to people in that state.
High schools
Primary schools
Hospitals
Local government
Made up of 560 local governments or councils make up for local communities known as by-laws
Separation of powers
Legistature
House of Representive
The Senate
Create Laws
Executive
Prime Minister
Governor General
Government Departments
Power to administrate law
Judiciary
Other federal court
Power to apply law
High Court
Australia's legal system
Laws are the official legal rules that are set out by the Federal and State Constitution
Legal system is known as the Justice system which people who make the laws organisation with who enforces the law
we are all treated fairly
is the justice system
organisations that enforce laws
People who make laws
We receive Justice
Make sure laws are followed
Bicameral system
There are two houses. They are the House of Representatives (also known as the lower house) and the Senate (also known as the upper house).
Most members of the House of Representatives belong to a political party where members vote together on Bills
The Senate is made up of 76 senators, 12 from each state and two from each territory
Referendums
Stage 1 A Bill:
A Bill is proposed and passed by parliament, which sets out the proposed changes to the constitution.
Stage 2 The Comitties:
Members of the House of Representatives and Senate are divided into case committees
stage 3 A Writ:
A formal written order, known as a writ, is issued by the governor-general to set the dates for the referendum (including polling day).
Stage 4 The Case:The case committees prepare a case for voting ‘yes’ or ‘no’
Stage 5 The Vote:On polling day, voters are required to attend a polling location to vote either ‘yes’ or ‘no’ to the proposed changes. If a double majority is achieved, the change to the constitution will be made
The Australian referendum is the vote by the people to change the Constitution
The 1967 referendum
held on 27th May 1967
reduce the possibilities of discriminating aboriginals
Non- Australias accept the rights of indigenous Australian
MOST successful
The 1999 referendum
UNSUCCESSFUL referendum
held on the 6th of November 1999
To decide if Australia should be a republic or not
The referendum failed so we are still a monarchy and we have a Prime Minister
courts
Magistrates Court • the lowest court in the hierarchy • the busiest court in the state • hears cases about minor criminal matters and minor legal disputes between people (civil disputes)
District Court • intermediate court in the hierarchy • hears cases about serious criminal matters (such as theft, drug offences or assault)
Supreme Court • the highest court in Western Australia • hears the most serious criminal cases (such as murder and drug trafficking) and major civil disputes (usually worth over $750 000) • also has the power to review decisions from the lower courts in a process known as an appeal
Double majority
A double majority is 50% of Australias must vote
A minimum of four out of six states must vote
You need a double majority to pass a referendum
Federation
Is when six British colonies came together to form one nation
Federal government
The purpose of the constitution
Stages of changing the constitution
