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23 year old male patient demonstrating severe face and arm muscle spasms…
23 year old male patient demonstrating severe face and arm muscle spasms was brought to the
emergency department. The patient can hardly speak, so you try to get more information
from the brother. You note that the patient has many tattoos, including a fresh one on his shoulder.
The brother tells you that the patient just got that tattoo yesterday, and that the tattoo parlor was
“sketchy.” You order blood tests, and after a little while you get the results. Lab tests show that he is
infected with Clostridium tetani, a common bacterium found in soil that can be transmitted by using
dirty needles. The patient was never vaccinated against this bacterium. Clostridium tetani produces a
toxin that affects neurons and their ability to release neurotransmitters.
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The difference between a twitch, summation, and tetany.
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