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Muscles (Muscle movement (origin (end of a muscle that attaches to the…
Muscles
Muscle movement
origin
end of a muscle that attaches to the bone that does not move when contraction of the muscle occurs
insertion
the end of a muscle attached to the bone that moves when a muscle contracts
tendons
strong cords of fibrous connective tissue that attach muscle to bone
ligaments
strong cords of fibrous connective tissue that attach bone to bone
bursae
synoivial lined sacs containing synovial liquid
Muscle disorders and effects of exercise
Fatigue
when a muscle loses its ability to contract during strenuous
oxygen dept
the early phase of cellular respiration
Neuromuscular Toxins
bacterial infection that causes flaccid muscle paralysis
Botox
toxin made by bacteria that causes botulism prevents the muscle from contracting
Tetanus
caused by bacterial infection
Muscle types and functions
Skeletal muscles
cells are long , cylindrical, parallel, and multinucleated
Cardiac Muscles
cells are long, cylindrical, branched, and has single central nucleus
Smooth muscles
also known as visceral muscles, cells are spindle shaped with single central nucleus and has no striations
Skeletal muscle contraction
involves several components that result in the shortening of sarcomeres, and the pulling of the muscle
muscle neuron
nerve cell that stimulates skeletal muscle
motor unit
made of one motor neuron and all muscle fibers it innervates
Structure of the Skeletal muscle Fiber
Connective Tissue Coverings
layers of dense connective tissue called fascia
Connective tissue layers
Epimysium
outermost covering
perimysium
surrounds bundles of muscle fibers
Endomysium
separates each muscle fiber from another