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Radioactivity (Background radiation (Cosmic rays from the sun, Radon gas…
Radioactivity
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Nuclear Power
When certain nuclei are hit by a neutron, they become unstable and decay into 2 daughter nuclei, giving off more neutrons and huge amount of energy
Energy is used to heat water into steam, which drives a turbine for electricity generation
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If, on average, one or more of the released neutrons causes another U-235 to decay, a Chain Reaction will occur
Nuclear Reactor Core
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Graphite moderator: slow neutrons down so that they collide successfully with U-235 to cause a chain reaction
Control rods: absorb some neutrons to control the rate of reaction. Lowered/raised to absorb more or fewer neutrons
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Detecting radiation
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Geiger-Muller Tube
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Ions allow a pulse of current to flow from the central probe to the outer shell – counted to measure total clicks or rate
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