Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

Nonvascular Plants (Division Bryophata (Gametophyte (Water Transport…

- - - - Has a true epidermis with stomata on base of sporangium.
      - Examples of Parts:
        
        Operculum
        
        Peristome teeth
        
        Calyptra
      - More complex, contains more parts.
    - - All spores are the same size and appear identical.
    - - Basal cell develops into a "foot".
      - Upper cell grows by cell division and forms a capsule.
      - Undergoes transverse division.
  - - - Also contributes to more efficient water storage and protection from more harsh conditions.
      - Though inevitably dessication will occur in harsh environments, some mosses are more tolerant to such circumstances.
      - Related to small size.
    - - As long as 30% of moss weight is water, they remain dormant.
      - Dessicated mosses are extremely resistant to high or low temperatures and intense UV light.
      - Many mosses can thrive at low temperatures at or below freezing, unlike vascular plants.
    - - Protects from potential dry conditions that would kill normal plants.
      - More efficient water storage systems, special adaptations.
      - One critical factor in metabolism and ecology.
  - - - Leptoids
        
        Elongate shape
        
        Have relatively prominent connections with adjacent cells.
        
        Cells that resemble sieve cells.
      - Rhizoids
        
        Located at base of the stem.
        
        Small trichome-like structures that penetrate the surface of a substrate.
        
        Only anchor the stem.
      - Hydroids
        
        Conduct water and dissolved minerals.
        
        Located in the innermost cortex.
    - - Protonema are perennial, can grow extensively.
      - Filamentous cells may break when mosses are collected.
      - Protonema
        
        Branchoid system of similar cells.
        
        Resembles an alga.
    - - Leafy stems. "Gametophores".
      - Moss gametophores
        
        Grow from apical meristem.
        
        No stomata.
        
        Leaves are aligned in 3 rows.
      - Moss stems
        
        Little tissue differentiation.
        
        Stem tissues (cortex) may be uniform in all parts, or narrower with walls somewhat thickened.
        
        Always slender
    - - Archegonia
        
        Shaped like a vase with a long neck.
        
        Where egg cells occur
        
        A single egg is located at the base.
      - Antheridia
        
        Short stalk, outermost layer of sterile cells, and an inner mass of cells.
        
        Microgametangia where sperm is produced
      - All mosses are oogamous.
- - - - Arranged in 3 clear rows. #
      - Stem tissue is simple parenchyma.
      - Greatly resembles moss, in terms of gametophores. #
    - - They are not leafy, but flat.
      - Contain a body known as a "thallus".
      - Display less resemlance to mosses.
    - - Thallose liverworts
      - In both, the gametophyte phase is initiated on germination
      - Leafy liverworts
  - - - Grows into a spherical mass.
      - As the surrounding gametophore and sporophyte decay, the spores are liberated.
      - Produced in Riccia and Ricciocarpus.
    - - The seta is extremely delicate.
      - Sporangium is globose, has no stomata.
      - Contains a foot, seta, and calyptra, like mosses.