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A 23 year old patient has severe face and arm spasms. He was infected by a…

- - - - Muscle spasms develop
- - - - PNS
        
        Consist of brain and spinal cord
      - CNS
        
        Mainly nerves
    - - Includes bones, cartilage, ligaments and other connective tissues that allow/help with movement
    - - Structural
        
        Unipolar
        
        One extension off the cell body
        
        Bipolar
        
        Two extensions off the cell body
        
        Multipolar
        
        Multiple extensions off the cell body
    - - When the membrane charge goes up (get a little more positive)
        
        More sodium enters than potassium exits the cell so it depolarizes
    - - When the membrane charge goes down a little
        (gets more negative)
        
        Chemically gated ion channels open
        
        Allows potassium or chlorine to pass so it hyperpolarizes
  - - - Sensory
      - Integration
      - Motor
    - - Structure
      - Movement
      - Protection
    - - Functional
        
        Sensory neurons
        
        Transmit impulses from sensory receptors in skin or organs
        
        Goes towards CNS (central nervous system)
        
        Interneurons
        
        Conduct impulses within the CNS
        
        Integrate incoming sensory input to predict proper motor output
        
        Motor neurons
        
        Carry impulses away from CNS
        
        Impulses go to muscles, organs or glands
    - - Neurons releases ACh
        
        Chemically gated sodium channel open
        
        The membrane of a muscle fiber depolarizes
        
        The voltage gated calcium channel opens
        
        Calcium binds to troponin
        
        Tropomyosin unblocks the myosin binding sites on actin
        
        1 more item...
      - T-tubules are what allows entire muscle cell to open up
    - - When neuron uses more than one message (they add together ) to determine if it should depolarize
      - Temporal summation
        
        Rapid firing presynaptic neuron causes EPSPs that are close in time
      - No summation
        
        Slowly firing presynaptic neuron causes EPSPs that are far apart in time
        
        Do not add together to meet threshold
      - Spatial summation
        
        If more than one presynaptic neuron fires at the same time
        
        EPSPs are generated at different locations on the neuron
    - - Bonds to the presynaptic membrane of neuromuscular junction
        
        Internalized and transported to retroaxonally to the spinal cord
      - Paralysis is due to the blockade of neurotransmitter release from spinal inhibitory interneurons