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Chapter 22 Lecture 4 (Tuberculosis (Diagnosis, treatment, and prevention…

- - - - Symptoms are not always apparent
      - Can remain dormant for decades within macrophages and in the centers of tubercles
  - - - Slow growth
      - Protection from phagocytic lysis
      - Capable of Intracellular growth
      - Resistance to many antimicrobial drugs and gram-staining, why we do acid fast staining
  - - - Primary tuberculosis
        
        Infects respiratory tract
    - - Breaks the stalemate, ruptures the tubercle and reestablishes the infection
    - - Macrophages carry the pathogen via the blood and lymph nodes to other areas of the body such as the spleen, bone marrow, brain and kidneys
  - - - 52 of 53 pts died when they had
      - 3 to 5 antibacterial drugs
- - - - Pulmonary function can rapidly decrease
      - GI tract complications along with the CNS, liver and kidneys
      - If not treated promptly 50% will result in death
  - - - Causes tissue damage and inflammation of the lungs
      - Rarely spreads outside the lungs
- - - - Disease similar to pneumococcal pneumonia
      - Produces pus in chest cavity in 3% of patients
    - - Causes pneumonia, called pneumonic plague
      - Fever, chills, coughing, difficulty breathing and frothy blood tinged sputum
      - Can cause a rapid shock and death
      - Gentamycin or streptomycin for treatment
    - - Causative agent of psittacosis aka ornithosis or parrot fever
      - Disease of the birds that can be transmitted to humans
      - Typical flu like symptoms
      - Doxycycline used to treat
    - - Causes pneumonia, bronchitis, and rhinosinusitis
      - Most symptoms are mild, malaise and a chronic cough
      - Usually require no specific treatment azithromycin or doxycycline
      - Most cases never reported or diagnosed