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Miscellaneous Anti-Hypertensives (Non-Selective Phenoxybenzamine …
Miscellaneous Anti-Hypertensives
Non-Selective
Phenoxybenzamine
Phentolamine
Alpha 1
Doxazosin
Prazosin
MOA α-blockers
α1
systemic vasodilatation
relaxation of internal urethral
sphincter
SE
Postural Hypotension
Dizziness
Blurred vision
Headache
Urinary incontinence
esp. women
CI = B
↑s hypotensive effects of
diuretics
β-B
CCBs
Phentolamine is shortacting
and can be used to
control BP in phaeo
Phenoxybenzamine is
long-acting and is used to
maintain α blockade once
BP controlled.
Doxazosin and tamsulosin
are used in Rx of BPH
Clonidine
Centrally-acting α2 agonist
↓ CO
↓ PVR
SE
Rebound HTN on withdrawal
Postural hypotension
Constipation
Nausea
Dry mouth
Methyldopa
MOA Centrally-acting α2 agonist
Pro-drug → α-methyl NA
SE
Blood dyscrasias
Hepatotoxic
Drug-induced lupus
Drowsiness
CI in L + Depression
Avoid w/i 2wks of MAOI
Mainly used in P
Hydralazine
Vasodilator in arteries > veins
SE
Drug-induced lupus
↑HR
GI upset
Headache
CI
SLE
↓ dose in hepatic or renal
impairment
Mainly used in P
Nitroprusside
MOA Vasodilator in arteries > veins
Use Hypertensive crisis
Minoxidil
MOA Vasodilator
SE Hypertrichosis
Used to promote hair growth