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NUCLEAR FORCE (NUCLEON-NUCLEON INTERACTION RELATIVE VELOCITY AND MOMENTUM…

- - - - to fulfill the requirement of the parity invariance , potential of 2 nucleons must be (s1 · r)(s2 · r) or (s1 x r)(s2 x r)
        
        by using vector identity and plus with term (s1 · s2)
        
        VT(r)S12
        where S12 = 3(s1 · r)(s2· r)/ r^2-(s1 · s2)
        
        equation gives the force its proper tensor character and averages to zero over all angle
- - - - singlet proton-proton parameter
        a=-17.1± 0.2 fm
        r0=2.84 ± 0.03 fm
      - neutron-neutron parameter
        a=-16.6±0.5 fm
        r0=2.66±0.15 fm
- - - - a) (r x p) is downward
        b) S is upward
        c) Because the nucleon go to the left
  - - - a) (r x p) is upward
        b) S is upward
        c) cause the nucleons go to the left
        (out of page)
- - - - Charge independent is thus a stronger requirement than charge symmetry
    - - Large negative scattering length are more sensitive to the nuclear wave function near r = R
        
        Very small change in ψ can give a large change in the scattering length
        
        Large difference between the scattering lengths may correspond to a very small difference (of order 1%) between the potentials
- - - - When nucleons are less than 1 fm apart, there is a strong repulsive force between them because The protons feel a repulsive force from the other neighboring protons
      - The Coulomb force between protons has a much larger range and becomes the only significant force between protons when their separation exceeds about 2.5 fm
  - - - Adjust R until achieve satisfactory agreement with the observed s-wave phase shifts
        
        The value R = 0.5 fm gives agreement with the observed phase shifts
- - - - the experiment that would be measure the energy dependence such as scattering phase shifts
        
        scattering phase shift:
        can be used to describe the quantum mechanical scattering of a particle by a spherrically symmetric potential
- - - - invariant with parity (r→-r) and time reversal (t→-t)
        
        Parity transformation is the flip in the sign of one spatial coordinate
        
        also can be thought of as a test for chirality of physical phenomenon
        
        Time reversal is the conservation of entropy which since the second law of thermodynamics.means time said to be non-symmetic
        
        under its operation, the linear and angular momentum are reversed