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Understand Computer Software (Communication Methods (Teleconference (A…
Understand Computer Software
Types of Software
Closed Software
Creators have copyright over the software (code is not provided to the user)
The software is the intellectual property of a specific company
Not distributed commercially would be proprietary software used to operate a proprietary operation at a bank or a factory
:check: More features than open source
:check: Regular security updates
:red_cross: Substantial price
:red_cross: Can still contain errors
Off the Shelf
Can buy it from a shop or instantly download it
Can be purchased immediately online / from the shops
:red_cross: It may have some of them unwanted therefore it takes more storage space compared to bespoke
:check: Quick implementation, most systems are ready to use straight away
Open Source
:check: Developed by volunteer programmers so the application is free to use
:check: Source code can be altered
A type of computer software in which source code is released under a license in which the copyright holder grants users the right to study, change, and distribute the software to anyone and for any purpose
:red_cross: May not have as many features
:red_cross: May not have a lot of security patches
Utility Software
A system software designed to help analyze, configure, optimize or maintain a computer
Compression Software
A software program that can compress and decompress various file types, reducing the files' size
Disk Defragmenter
Rearranging files stored on a disk to occupy contiguous storage locations
Moves memory sectors around to keep the same file close together as much as possible
Anti - Virus Software
Software used to detect viruses and remove them so they can’t do further harm
Tries to avoid viruses getting through the firewall in the first place
Backup Software
This backups up files, databases or the entire contents of secondary storage
Software Troubleshooting
The process of scanning, identifying, diagnosing and resolving problems, errors and bugs in software
A systematic process that aims to filter out and resolve problems, and restore the software to normal operation
Application Softwares
Productivity Software
Software designed for you to carry out a specific task
Spreadsheet
Database
Word Processor
Email
Development Software
Software tools which aid a programmer to develop different applications
IDE (Integrated Development Environment)
Compiler
Debugger
Translator
Business Software
Different software which supports a variety business activity
Multimedia Collaboration / Communication
Project Management
MIS (Management Information System)
Manufacturing
CAD (Computer-Aided Design)
CAM (Computer-Aided Manufacturing)
Publishing
Expert System
Healthcare
Communication Methods
Teleconference
A conference with participants in different locations linked by telecommunication devices
Personal Assistants
A mobile software agent that can perform tasks, or services, on behalf of an individual based on a combination of user input, location awareness, and the ability to access information from a variety of online sources
Video Conference
A conference in which participants in different locations are able to communicate with each other in sound and vision
Messaging Software
A type of online chat which offers real-time text transmission over the Internet
Cellular and Satellite
An artificial satellite that relays and amplifies radio telecommunications signals via a transponder; it creates a communication channel between a source transmitter and a receiver at different locations on Earth
Social Media
Websites and applications that enable users to create and share content or to participate in social networking
Instant Messaging
Type of online chat which offers real-time text transmission over the Internet
VoIP
A category of hardware and software that enables people to use the Internet as the transmission medium for telephone calls
SMS
Used to send text messages to mobile phones
Email
Messages distributed by electronic means from one computer user to one or more recipients via a network
Protocols
A standard set of rules
An agreed method of doing something
TCP
(Transmission Control Protocol)
Identifies how all data should be exchanged over the internet
SNMP
(Simple Network Management Management Protocol)
Protocol which gathers stats such as status on:
CPU
Memory
Buffer
Also gathers data on any errors
HTTP
(Hyper Text Transfer Protocol)
Set of rules used in the world wide web
Allows web pages to be transferred to the computer which requests it
POP
(Post Office Protocol)
Allows a user to receive an email from the server
FTP
(File Transfer Protocol)
Works alongside TCP/IP
Set of rules that governs the hardware / software setting when transferring files over the internet
IP
(Internet Protocols)
Uniquely identifies a physical computer linked into the internet
UDP
(User Data Protocol)
Used for establishing low latency (low delay)and connections
SMTP
(Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)
Responsible for sending emails
ICMP
(Internet Control Message)
Send messages on the condition of the network
Operating Systems
An essential software which allows a computer to be useful
Manages hardware
Manages interface
OS Categories
Open Source
Developed by volunteer programmers is free to use
Source code can be altered to add new functionality
Bespoke
Specially designed and written for a single organisation or group of users
Off the Shelf
Designed to provide a general set of features that a broad range of customers will find useful
Types of OS
Multi User
A software that allows access by multiple users of a computer
Single Processor
Contains only one processor so only one process can be executed at a time and then the process is selected from the ready queue
Multi Processor
The use of two or more central processing units within a single computer system
The ability of a system to support more than one processor or the ability to allocate tasks between them
Single User
A type of system that only has one user at a time
eg) Brick Phone