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Life Cycle Assessment (ENVIRONMENTAL OBJECTIVES (Environmental boundary
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Life Cycle Assessment
ENVIRONMENTAL OBJECTIVES
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Donut model:
- inside: social aspects
- outside: environmental ceiling
(remeber both the sides)
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LCI
Simplified LCI:
- Theory: all physical flows
- Practical: pre-calculated impacts
EPD (available from producers)
- Cut-off Criteria: What can be neglected
Temporal aspects:
- Bld last for long, but
technology change
- Energy mix = variable
(during peak or off-peak hours?)
- Lapse for effects
Attenctions:
- Mix of energy
- Timing for replaicement
LCA: Evaluate env impacts
based on all natural resources and emissions
used in the entire supply chain
WHY:
- Quantitative / Comparable information
(Increasing the use for design; Get certifications)
- Evaluate the overall impact, not shift it to other category
PROCESS:
1) Goal (what to know)
2) Scope (what is the product, quantitative)
3) Life Cycle Inventory (identify resources and emissions)
4) Life Cycle Impact Assessment (evaluate how affect the environment)
5) Critical discussion
GOAL
Consequentual
(If I add my need, what will be the marginal change effect?)
Attributional
(Because of the system, what I use of that?)
--> Used for certification
Process
high specificity and relevance,
from bills
--> USED
Input-Output
National tables
--> Completeness, no truncation
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SCOPE
Functional unit
- Quantifies the function of the product
- Reference standard for all compared cases
For Bld:
- Common: sqm heated floor area for 50 yrs
(life time really influent)
.+ IAQ, Fire safety, Accessibility..
- Alternative: number of Users, Occupancy..
LCIA
When are the emissions?
Biogenic carbon storage
Absorption before emiision (burned): benefit
Carbonation:
Production releases CO2,concrete absorb part of it:emission before absorption
PRACTICAL USE
- Design tool (Integration w/ BIM)
- Certification (LEED, EPDs..)
- Green procurement
- Future requirement
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DISCUSSION:
- Accuracy (closed to the truth)
- Precision (insensitiveness of datas)