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Muscular System (Muscles of Thigh and Leg (Extensor Digitorium Longus:
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Muscular System
Muscles of Thigh and Leg
Extensor Digitorium Longus:
LOCATION: proximal tibia and radius
ACTION: extends toes and dorsiflexes foot
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Quadracep Group:
LOCATION- fectus femorisis: pelvis
ACTION-all extend knee: rectus femorus also flexes on thigh
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Muscles of Head
Buccinator:
LOCATION- maxilla and mandible near molars
ACTION- compresses cheek as in whistling and sucking, holds food b/w teeth chewing
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Temporalis:
LOCATION- tempal, temporal bone
ACTION- closes jaw
Orbicularis Oculi:
LOCATION- forehead(frontal), maxilla
ACTION- blinks and closes eyes
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Frontalis:
LOCATION- forehead,cranial aponeurasis
ACTION- raise eyebrows
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Sternocleido-mastoid:
LOCATION- sternum and clavicle
ACTION- flexes neck, rotates neck
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Muscles of Trunk
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Trapezius:
LOCATION- occipital bone and all cervical and thoracic vertebrae
ACTION- extends neck and adducts scapula
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Pectoralis Major:
LOCATION- sternum,clavicle and 1-6 ribs
ACTION- adducts and flexes humerus
Erector Spinae:
LOCATION: illiac crests, ribs 3-12 and vertebrae
ACTION: extends back
Muscles of Arm
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Flexor Digitorium Superficial:
LOCATION- distal humerus, ulna and radius
ACTION- flexes wrist and fingers
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Flexor Carpi Ulnaris:
LOCATION- distal humerus and posterior ulna
ACTION- flexes wrist and abducts hard
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Sliding Filament Theory
One will decide when to move a part of their body. The action potential is a electrical signal to change the resting membrane to react but it is converted into a neurotransmitter . The motor neurons are acetylchilide to tell the skeletal muscle to contract. The ion channels used are the chemically gated ion channel and the voltage. Once an action potential arrives at the axon terminal, acetylcholine is released, resulting in the depolarization of motor end plate as shown in Figure 1. This action potential propagates along the sarcolemma and down the T-tubules causing release of Ca2+ ions from the terminal cisternae into the cytosol. Ca2+ ions then bind to troponin causing a conformational change in the troponin-tropomyosin complex, which exposes the binding sites on actin. As illustrated in Figure 3, the myosin head is already energised, as an ATP molecule binds to a myosin head where an enzyme called myosin ATPase hydrolyses the ATP. This releases the energy resulting in an extension of myosin head, carrying high energy, while holding ADP and a phosphate group temporarily.Read more: https://slidingfilament.webnode.com/sliding-filament-theory/
