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The Muscular System (sliding filament theory (impulse travels from nerves…
The Muscular System
sliding filament theory
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impulse reaches motor neuron, acetylcholine is released
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impulse then travels from muscle to plasma membrane, the sarcolemma, by the T-Tubules
as impulse travels down T-Tubule, so calcium gets released by the sarcoplasmic reticulum
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when Ca binds to troponin, it turns to tropomyosin, which makes myosin binding site accessible
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after cross bridge forms, the phosphate is released
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when ATP connects to myosin, it finally releases the Actin
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so, the tropomyosin covers the myosin binding site again
Finally, the actin and myosin filaments slide to their OG spots=relaxed
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disorders
fibromyalgia
chronic inflammation muscles, conn. tissues covering tendons, capsules near joints
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myotonic dystrophy
form muscular dystrophy that is less common than DMD; gradual reduction of muscle mass/control of skeletal muscles
RICE
rest, ice, compression, elevation; for pulled muscle, tendons
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spasm
sudden, involuntary twitch in smooth/skeletal muscle;
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The muscles
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muscles on legs/thighs
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soleus
broad, flat muscle, deep to gastrocnemius; plantar flexes foot
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adductor longus
overlies middle aspect of adductor magnus; adducts, flexes, and medially rotates thigh
sartorius
straplike superficial muscle; flexes, adducts, laterally rotates thigh
muscles on trunk
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rectus abdominis
the abs area; most superficial muscle pair; extend pubis to rib cage; flex and rotate lumbar region of vertebral column
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latissimus dorsi
broad, flat, triangular muscle on lower back; lumbar region; prime mover of arm extension; powerful arm adductor; medially rotates arm
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teres major
thick, rounded muscle; extends medially rotates and adducts arm
muscles on head/neck
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platysma
around neck, plays a role with facial expressions; can make lower lip go down
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