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Muscular System (Muscle of thigh and leg (Sartorius (move the hip and knee…
Muscular System
Muscle of thigh and leg
Sartorius
- move the hip and knee joint
-flexion and abduction
-origin: anterior superior iliac spine of pelvic bone
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Hamstring
-one of the 3 posterior thigh muscle in between hip and knee
-act upon 2 joints
-flexion and extension
Gastrocnemius
-superficial muscle of pair, 2 prominent bellies
-plantar flexes foot
-origin: by 2 heads from medial and lateral condyles of femur
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Adductor muscle
-large muscle mass consisting of 3 muscles
-inferior part of pelvis
-pelvic tilting, knee flexed
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Tibialis anterior
-superficial muscle of anterior leg
-dorsiflexion
-origin: lateral condole and upper 2/3 of tibial shaft
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Muscle of arm chart
Tricep brachii
-Large fleshy muscle; only muscle of posterior compartment of arm
-powerful forearm extensor
-origin: long head
Flexor carpi radialis
- runs diagonally across forearm
-powerful flexor of hand
- origin: medial epicondyle is humerus
Flexor carpi ulnaris
-most medial muscle of this group
-powerful flexor and adductor of hand
- origin: medial epicondyle of humerus
Extensor carpi radialis
- one of the five main muscles that control movement at the wrist
-wrist extensor
- along three brachial
Bicep brachii
- two headed fusiform muscle
-flexes and supinates arm
-origin: short head
Deltoid
-Thick, multipennate muscle forming rounded shoulder muscle mass
-prime mover of arm abduction when all its fibers contact simultaneously
-origin: lateral of clavicle
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Extensor digitorium
-lies medial to extensor carpi radialis brevis
-prime mover of finger extension
-origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus
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Muscle of trunk chart
pectoralis major
- large fan shaped muscle covering superior portion of chest
-adduced and medially rotates
-origin: sternal end of clavicle; sternum, cartilage of ribs 1-7
Trapezius
- most superficial muscle of thorax; flat and triangular; upper fibers run inferior to scapula
-stabilizes, elevated, retracts, and rotates scapula
-origin: occipital bone, thoracic vertebrae
External obliques
- largest and most superficial of the 3 lateral muscles; run downward and medially
- flex vertebral column and compress abdominal wall; trunk rotation and lateral flexion
-origin: fleshy strips from outer surfaces of lower 8 ribs
Erector spinae
- a group of muscle and tendons run left and right of the spine
-straighten back and side To side rotation
Rectus abdominis
-medial superficial muscle pair and extend from pubis to ribcage
- flex and rotate lumbar region of vertebral column
-origin: public crest and symphysis
Latussimus dorsi
- largest muscle is the upper body
- extension, adduction, Transverse extension, horizontal abduction, flexion from and extended position, internal rotation
3 types of muscle tissue
Skeletal muscle
-skeletal muscle tissue is packaged in skeletal muscles
-longest muscle cells and have striations
-voluntary muscle
-adaptable
-key words: skeletal, striated, and voluntary
Cardiac muscle
-occurs only in heart
-striated
-involuntary
-contracts at a steady rate
-key words: cardiac, striated, involuntary
Smooth muscle
-force fluids and other substances through internal body channels
-forms valves, dilated and constructs pupils, forms are for pili muscles attached to follicle hairs
-elongated cells
-no striations
-involuntary
-key words: visceral, non-striated, and involuntary
Muscle of the head
Frontalis
-covers forehead and dome of the skull; no bony attachments
-raises eyebrows and wrinkles forehead skin
-origin: Epicureanism aponeurosis
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Orbicularis oculi
-thin, flats sphincter muscle of the eyelid; surrounds rim of the orbit
-closes eyes; blinking; squinting; pulls eyebrows inferiorly
-origin: frontal and maxillary bones and ligaments around orbit
Orbicularis oris
-multilayered muscle of the lips with fibers that run in the many directions; most run circularly
- closes lips; purses and protrudes lips; kissing and whistling
-origin: arises indirectly from mandila and maxible
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Sternocleidomastoid
-largest and superficial
- rotation do the head to opposite side and flexion of the neck
Zygomaticus
-muscle pair extending diagonally from cheek bone to corner of mouth
-raises lateral corners of mouth
-origin: zygomatic bone
Buccinator
Thin horizontal cheek muscle; principle of muscle cheek; deep to masseter
-compresses cheek; holds food while chewing; pulls corner of mouth laterally; downward sag of mouth
-origin: molar region of maxilla and mandible
Platysma
-unpaired, thin, sheet like superficial neck muscle; not strictly a head muscle but plays a role in facial expression
-tenses skin of neck
-origin: fascia if chest
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