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Key Vocabulary (DNA (the fundamental and distinctive characteristics or…
Key Vocabulary
DNA
the fundamental and distinctive characteristics or qualities of someone or something, especially when regarded as unchangeable.
RNA
A nucleic acid molecule similar to DNA but containing ribose rather than deoxyribose. ... mRNA carries the "message" of the DNA to the cytoplasm of cells where protein is made in amino acid sequences specified by the mRNA.
Nucleus
the central and most important part of an object, movement, or group, forming the basis for its activity and growth.
Nucleotides
a compound consisting of a nucleoside linked to a phosphate group. Nucleotides form the basic structural unit of nucleic acids such as DNA.
Cell
the smallest structural and functional unit of an organism, which is typically microscopic and consists of cytoplasm and a nucleus enclosed in a membrane.
Transcription
Transpiration is the loss of water vapour from the stems and leaves of plants. Light energy converts water in the leaves to vapour, which evaporates from the leaf via stomata. New water is absorbed from the soil by the roots, creating a difference in pressure between the leaves (low) and roots (high)
Organisum
a system or organization consisting of interdependent parts, compared to a living being.
Chromosomes
a threadlike structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes.
Gene
a unit of DNA that is usually located on a chromosome and that controls the development of one or more traits and is the basic unit by which genetic information is passed from parent to offspring. gene.
Protein
any of a class of nitrogenous organic compounds which have large molecules composed of one or more long chains of amino acids and are an essential part of all living organisms, especially as structural components of body tissues such as muscle, hair, etc., and as enzymes and antibodies.
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