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B3: organisation and the digestive system (keywords (catalyst= a substance…
B3: organisation and the digestive system
keywords
catalyst= a substance that speeds up the rate of another reaction but is not used up or changed itself
enzyme= a biological catalyst
substrate= molecules acted on by a catalyst
active site= the site on enzymes where the reactants bind
denature= change the shape of the active site
metabolism= the sum of all the reactions in a cell or the body
bile= made in the liver and stored i the gall bladder. it neutralises stomach acid and emulsifies fats
organs in the digestive system
oesopagus
liver
stomach
small intestine
large intestine
appendix
anus
tests
protein
biuret solution
positive= purple
negative= stays blue
lipids(fats)
sudan III stain
positive= red oil layer at the top
negative= no layers form
starch
iodine
positive= blue/black
negative= stays orange
glucose
Benedict's solution
positive= red
negative= stays blue
substrates
starch
enzyme= amylase- a carbohydrase
product= simple sugars(glucose)
where enzyme is produced= salivary glands, pancreas& small intestine
pH= 7
protein
enzyme= trypsin- a protease
product= amino acids
where enzyme is produced= stomach, pancreas & small intestine
pH= 3
lipids
enzyme= lipases
product= fatty acids & glycerol
where enzyme is produced= pancreas & small intestine
pH= 8
active site
substrate fits into the active site
substrate splits into products which leave the active site
enzyme ready to use again