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Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) (Outcomes (Long Term (Difficulties with…
Female Genital Mutilation (FGM)
What is it?
Procedure which involves the partial or total removal of the external genitalia or injury to the female genital organs whether for cultural or other non therapeutic reasons.
Local families refer to as sudar.
Types
Clitoridectomy
: partial or total removal of the clitoris or, very rarely, removal of the prepuce only
Excision
: partial or total removal of the clitoris and the labia minora with our without excision of the labia majora
Infibulation
: narrowing of the vaginal opening. Formed by the cutting and stitching together of the inner or outer labia. With or without the removal of the clitoris
Other
All other harmful procedures to the female genitalia for non-medical purposes. Includes pricking, piercing, incising, scraping, cauterising and nicking
Why
Deep cultural Significance
Control of female sexuality
Percieved religious requirement
False beliefs
Sociological
Hygiene
Aesthetics
Control of Women
Signs and Symptoms
Change in demeanour psychologically and physically
Child might not participate in PE
Restricted in Movement may wear tight trousers or skirts.
Child may take long time to urinat
Frequent toilet requests.
When are girls at risk?
Any age- newly born to girls in their teens.
Girls between 5-8 hve been deemed greater risk
Parents are arranging for girls to be cut at younger age- reasons for this are to reduce the trauma but also to evade the attention of statutory agencies.
For girls living in the UK school holidays have been high risk times. Reflects the recovery period for type 3.
Outcomes
Cant always recall full details
PTSD
Urinary tract injections
Death
Haemorrhage
fracture of dislocation to limbs as result of restraint
Infection including tetnus and HIV.
Long Term
Difficulties with menstration
acute pelvic infections
Fertility issues
Sexual Dysfunction
Issues during pregency.
The Law
It is an offence for a person to excise, infibulate or otherwise mutilate the whole or any part of a girls labia majora, labia minora, or clitoris either in the UK (Excluding Scotland) or to arrange for a female to be taken abroad for the purpose of FGM.
Female Genital Mutilation Act 2003
Carrying out the act itself
Assisting a girl to mutilate her own genitalia
Assisting a non-UK person to mutilate overseas a girls genitalia
Failure to protect a girl from FGM
All of the above include aid, abet, counsel or procure and apply to UK national or habitual UK resident.
What can we do ?
FGM Protection Orders are civil orders introduced in 2015. These orders are designed to manage high risk cases.
Crime report and contact sergeant
Contact safeguarding team
Protective orders
Civil orders introduced in 2015 designed to manage high risk.
Expectation LA will make application in majority of cases.
Orders may require the recipient to perform certain acts or prohibit certain acts.
Breach of order is a criminal offence.
Any siblings or relatives in the school? Other who may be vulnerable of may have been through FGM.
Home visit- Ask a bit about their holiday,
Things to be aware of
Traditional village
Celebration
Who are you going with? Females?
Lack of information about their trip
lll family member is common reason to be having long visit away.
Ask about FGM and then ask about Sunar
Ask for aattendance record
May be off for menstrual cycle
where offence took place
when it took place
paediatrician will need to confirm
Support
Leanne.pook@avonandsomerset.police.uk
Intergrate
https://www.thegirlgeneration.org/organisations/integrate-bristol-
Ford Bristol
1813 Louise dimbicki -