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ARCHITECTURAL ASPECTs (ARCHITECTURE/
PASSIVE (Shape (Surface/Volume ratio…
ARCHITECTURAL ASPECTs
ARCHITECTURE/
PASSIVE
Siting
- climate
- sun/shading
- wind exposure
- thermal ground conductivity
- Topography / Bodies of water
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Materials and thickness
- Efficacy
- Local availability
- Concrete = high therm inertia
- Masonry = good th inertia, low therm cond
- Wood = flexibility, light, low therm inertia, low therm conductivity
Ventilation
- Stack effect (Dpressure by rising hot air)
- Evaporative cooling (air cooled evaporating water)
- Solar chimneys (radiation > upwards hot air > suction)
- Under ground (pre-conditioned air)
attenction to mould
Thermal mass
- heat sink -> source
(i.g. trombe wall)
- time-lag in heat transfer
ATTENCTIONS
Experience:
- Intuitive from outside
- Good orientation inside
- Feeling comfort (not measurable)
Functionality:
- appropriate rooms
- efficient comminication
- necessary room
- good control
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EXAMPLES
U-building
Climatic data:
- precipitation
- cloudiness
- wind
- temperature
GSW Headsquare:
Regulation of opening size, both facade -> cross ventilation,
- stuck effect on facade, top wing to speed up air
- Shading devices, also user controlled
Library, Japan:
jellyfish -> local controlled climate
:warning:beld shape -> stack effect
(in winter closed)
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CLIMATE ADAPTATION
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CEILING
High in hot climate
Wooden to keep heat, cold climate
COLD CLIMATE
(Minimize heat losses)
- S/V
- round shape vs wind
- insulation
THERMAL COMFORT
Predictive Mean Vote (3<0<-3 = good)
Predicted Percentage Dissatisfied (10 for +- 0,5 PMV) (5=minimum)
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Climate bubble:
keep equilibrium
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PASSIVE COOLING
VS solar radiation:
- shading
- ventilated roof
- clear surfaces
- insulation
- thermal mass
VS outdoor temp:
- airtight
- non-porous material
- insulation
- minimise windows