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Stress (Stress as a Response(Biological) (Psychological theories (Cannon:…
Stress
Stress as a Response(Biological)
heart beat inreases
anxiety
nauseous
shaky
sweaty
Psychological theories
fight or flight
involuntary response
Cannon: Two systems
sympathetic nervous system
hypes you up
internal alarm bells
Parasympathetic Nervous system
calms you down
conserving energy for later
General adaption syndrome (GAS)
three stages after percieves stressor
Alarm Reaction: Body is mobilised to defend against stressor
State of Resistance: Arousal remains high and body tries to defend and adapts against stressor
Stage of exhaustion: Resources are limited ad ability to resist may collapse
Criticisms
Studied in animals
No role for psychological factors
assumes different stressores elicit same response
assumes all people respond in the same way
Doesn't allow for social effets
Stress as a Stimulus (Psychological)
Major Life events
social readjustment rating scale
positive and negative events
consistant but weak relationship found with ilmess
criticisms
could be third factor
events can be related
correlations don't show cause and effect
relationship between stressful life events and immune health
minor life events
Daily life events
positive and negative
Under alot of stress
External
stress as a process
stressful situation but i can cope with it
Stress and coping paradigm
Transactional model of stress
A particular relationship between the person and the environment that is appraised by the person as taxing or exceeding his or her resources and endangering his or her well-being
Primary appraisal:
the individual appraises the event itself
Secondary Appraisal:
the individual evaluates her/his coping resources
Critique: No consideration for psychological
Stress Affecting Health
Diathesis Stress Model of disease
Biological factors, Social factors and Psychological Factors
Combined with biological/social/psychological triggers (Stress)
Environment leads to health effects
Behaviours and Lifestyles
Stress -> behaviours -> Health illness
Direct physiological effects
Immune functioning
gut health
sudden death