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52 year old woman has ALS and found out she has a family history of it…
52 year old woman has ALS and found out she has a family history of it
anatomy
spinal cord
central canal
dorsal grey horn
interneurons
ventral root
motor neurons
ventral grey horn
motor neurons
dorsal root ganglion
sensory neurons
dorsal root
sensory neurons
lateral grey horn
interneurons
ventral median fissure
dorsal median fissure
white matter tract
cerebrum
frontal lobe
parietal lobe
occipital lobe
temporal lobe
insula
ascending tracts
2nd order
3rd order
1st order
spinothalamic tract
spinocerebellar tract
descending tracts
lower motor neuron
upper motor neuron
corticospinal tract
vestibulospinal tract
process of movement
precentral gyrus
basal nuclei
cerebellum
descending tracts
physiology
spinal cord
central canal
contains CSF
ventral root
motor neurons
transmits motor impulses
dorsal grey horn
cell bodies of interneurons
processes sensory impulses
ventral grey horn
motor neurons to skeletal muscles
dorsal median fissure
groove on posterior side of cord
ventral median fissure
wider groove on anterior side of cord
dorsal root ganglion
contains cell bodies of sensory neurons
transmits sensory impulses to CNS
lateral grey horn
autonomic motor neurons
white matter tract
outer surface of spinal cord, surrounding grey matter
dorsal root
sensory neurons
sends impulses to interneurons
cerebrum
occipital lobe
visual information
parietal lobe
general sensory functions
insula
taste
temporal lobe
hearing and smell
frontal lobe
motor functions and personality
ascending tracts
2nd order neuron
interneuron in dorsal horn
3rd order neuron
neuron in thalamus that connects to cerebral cortex
1st order neuron
brings information to spinal cord
sensory information from body to brain
spinothalamic tract
1st order neuron
dorsal horn of spinal cord
2nd order neuron
going to thalamus
3rd order neuron
going to cerebral cortex
spinocerebellar tract
2nd order neuron
going to cerebellum
1st order neuron
dorsal root and horn of spinal cord
descending tracts
motor information from brain to body
upper motor neuron
neuron in brain or brainstem
lower motor neuron
neuron that synapses with muscle
vestibulospinal tract
upper motor neuron
brain stem
lower motor neuron
ventral horn
corticospinal tract
upper motor neuron
cerebral cortex
lower motor neuron
ventral horn
process of movement
basal nuclei
prevents unwanted movements
cerebellum
assists precentral gyrus
enables smooth movements
precentral gyrus
initiates the contraction of the skeletal muscles
motor homunculus
descending tracts
takes information from brain to body
upstream causes
ALS
neuron cells destroyed
upper motor neuron
message doesn't get sent to lower motor neuron
lower motor neuron
since message isn't sent then muscle doesn't function
muscle weakens
how a patient gets ALS
Age
the older you are the more likely you'll have ALS
smoking
smoking increases risk of ALS
genetics
could be in genes and is passed down
most likely how this patient got ALS
downstream causes
complications
eating problems
can cause malnutrition
feeding tube
speaking problems
patients use another form of communication
breathing problems
tracheostomy
hole is made in trachea for a tube to help with breathing
CPAP or BiPAP machine to assist
most common cause of death for people with ALS
dementia
there's really no treatment for this