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While in the ER, a 23 year old male patient demonstrating severe face and…

- - - - toxin enters the neuron by terminal buds
        
        toxins stops the inhibitory interneuron
        
        causes muscles to contract repetitively
        
        does not allow muscles to stop firing messages
        
        into the cell body
        
        then leading into the spinal cord
        
        2-14 days and the toxin has reached the cell bodies
    - - then to the terminal bud
        
        causes the muscle to contract
- - - - brother became worried and brought him in
- - - - tattoo shop may not have been the cleanest
        
        needles could have been dirty
        
        leading to new tattoo causing the bacteria
  - - - tetanus vaccinations are needed every 10 years
        
        tetanus is preventable with the right precautions
      - possibility he would not have contracted the disease
- - - - rapid heart rate
        
        could lead to cardiac arrest
        
        then leading to death
      - muscles contracting affect how the heart works
      - elevated blood pressure
  - - - the toxin is traveled into the motor neuron
        
        then moves to inhibitory nerve terminals
        
        toxin then blocks the release of inhibitory neurotransmitters
        
        leading to disinhibition of lower motor neurons
        
        often resulting in Muscle rigidity and spasms
        
        can lead to lockjaw
        
        2 more items...
        
        several muscle spams
        
        then sent to spinal cord/ brain stem
    - - tetanospasmin, a toxin, blocks nerve signals
        
        between spinal cord and muscles
        
        causes severe muscle spasms
        
        very hard to control
    - - messages are no longer being sent correctly
        
        causing communication between spinal cord and muscles to stop
        
        results in muscle spasms
  - - - all of the spinal sensors are "ready to fire"
        
        they will response to the slightest things
        
        this causes the muscles to constantly contract
        
        leading to stiffness and spasms
        
        muscles in the neck and jaw tighten the worse
        
        even touch of the skin
  - - - issues with blood flow
        
        could lead to pulmonary embolism
        
        blockage in lung arteries
    - - difficulties breathing
        
        issues with the diaphragm contracting
        
        making It difficult to breathe
        
        could stop breathing all together
  - - - muscle contractions cause extreme stress on the bones
        
        causing bones to break
        
        if there is enough pressure
      - arching of the back results in this as well
- - - - transports blood, oxygen, and nutrients
    - - has control over the body
    - - generates heat for the body
      - movement of the body
    - - gas exchange for the body
    - - provides support and movement for the body
  - - - impulses are conducted inside the central nervous system
      - able to have the right motor output
      - integrates sensory inputs
    - - transports impulses from sensory of the organs
        
        also skin as well
      - transports impulses toward the central nervous system
    - - transport impulses away from the central nervous system
    - - Multipolar
        
        able to transports tons of info at one time
        
        able to do several functions at once
      - Bipolar
        
        found in sensory organs
        
        sight, and hearing
      - Unipolar
        
        this Is always sensory
        
        these are used for sensation
        
        slight, hearing, etc.
  - - - AP is being fired
      - Two ESPS close in time
        
        added together
      - brings the axon to threshold
    - - AP is being fired
      - two ESPS at the same time
        
        they are added together
        
        different locations
      - brings axon initial segment to threshold
    - - Threshold is not reached here
      - No AP is being fired here
      - Two ESPS are separated in time
        
        they are not added together
  - - - clinical tetanus
    - - destroys tissues
- - - - heart
    - - nerves
      - spinal cord
      - brain
    - - all muscles
    - - diaphragm
      - lungs
    - - bones
  - - - often found in glands, and muscles
    - - in the central nervous system
    - - found on the skin of the body
    - - Multipolar
        
        multiple extensions from cell body
      - Bipolar
        
        has two extensions from cell body
      - Unipolar
        
        only one extension off of cell body
  - - - surface area of the membrane is increased
    - - cell membrane that surrounds a striated muscle fiber
    - - the hydrolysis of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine into choline and acetic acid
  - - - Spatial Summation
        
        One or more presynaptic neuron firing at the exact same time
      - No Summation
        
        Presynaptic neuron firing slow
        
        ESPS are far apart
      - Temporal Summation
        
        ESPS are close
        
        Firing presynaptic neurons rapidly