Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

Patient: 23 year old male with severe face and arm spasms whom can hardly…

- - - - Bipolar
        
        Multipolar
        
        Unipolar
        
        Interneuron
        
        Motor Neuron
        
        Sensory Neuron
    - - Neuron
        
        ACh
        
        Chemically gated sodium channels
        
        membrane of a muscle fiber
        
        Voltage gated calcium channels
        
        Troponin
        
        1 more item...
    - - Carbohydrates
        
        Lipids
        
        Proteins
    - - ESPs
        
        ISPs
        
        axon hillock
        
        threshold
        
        RmV
    - - Neurons:sensory,interneurons,and motor neurons,presynaptic,and postsynaptic
        
        Neuroglia
        
        Oligodendrocytes
        
        Muscle fibers
        
        Red blood cells
        
        1 more item...
    - - depolarize
        
        hyperpolarize
    - - Brain
        
        Spinal cord
        
        Muscles: Face- frontalis,obicularis oculi,temporalis,obicularis oris,zygomatic major,masseter,sternocleidomastoid Arm- biceps brachii,brachioradialis,deltoid,extensor carpi radialis longus,extensor carpi ulnaris, extensor digitorium,triceps brachii,flexor carpi radialis,flexor carpi ulnaris,palmaris longus
        
        Trachea
        
        Lungs
        
        Diaphragm
        
        1 more item...
    - - Nervous system
        
        Muscular system
        
        Respiratory system
        
        Cardiovascular system
        
        Skeletal system
        
        Lymphatic System
  - - - Respiration: ability to breathe
    - - Bipolar:2 extensions
        
        Multipolar: Multiple extensions
        
        Unipolar: 1 extension
        
        Interneurons: conduct impulses within the CNS
        
        Motor neurons: carry impulses away from the CNS
        
        Sensory Neurons: transmit impulses toward CNS
    - - Carbohydrates:energy
        
        Lipids:store energy
        
        Proteins: help a cell do almost every function
    - - a neuron releases acetylcholine
        
        2.chemically gated sodium channels open
        
        3.the membrane of a muscle fiber depolarizes
        
        4.voltage gated calcium channels open
        
        calcium binds to troponin
        
        tropomyosin unblocks the myosin bindng sites on actin
        
        1 more item...
    - - Neurons- specialized cells of nervous system presynaptic(before synapse),and postsynaptic(after synapse)
        
        Neuroglia:protect neurons
        
        Oligodendrocytes: cells that form myelin sheath around the axons of neurons in CNS
        
        Muscle fibers:muscle cells
        
        Red blood cells: transport oxygen
        
        Osteocytes:cells found in bone connective tissue
    - - when a neuron uses more than 1 message to determine if it should depolarize
        
        3 different types: NO summation-2 ESPs seperated in time do not add together Temporal summation-2 EPSPs close in time add together Spatial summation-2 ESPs at the same time from different locations add together
        
        Threshold: -55mv it cause ATP either to not be generated in NO summation or causes ATP to fire in temporal and spatial summation
        
        Summation occurs at: the axon hillock of a neuron
    - - Brain: processes sensory information and plays a role in every body system
        
        Spinal cord: highway for communication between the body and the brain
        
        Muscles: Face- frontalis(elevates eyebrows),obicularis oculi(closes the eyelids),obicularis oris(closes the lips),temporalis(elevate mandible),masseter(elevate mandible),zygomatic major(controls facial expression) ,sternocleidomastoid (flexes the neck and helps move head) Arm- biceps brachii(flex radius and ulna),brachioradialis(flex radius and ulna),deltoid(moves arm around shoulder),extensor carpi radialis(flexes hand),palmaris longus(extends hand),extensor carpi ulnaris(flexes hand), extensor digitorium(flexes hand),triceps brachii(flexes radius & ulna),flexor carpi radialis(extends hand),flexor carpi ulnaris(extends hand)
        
        Trachea: windpipe
        
        Lungs:gas exchange
        
        Diaphragm:pulls air into lungs
        
        1 more item...
    - - ESPs: excitatory neurotransmitters that open channels that depolarize the membrane
        
        IPSPs: inhibitory neurotransmitters that open channels that hyperpolarize the membrane
    - - Nervous system: detects and responds to stimuli
        
        Muscular system: assists with movement and heat production
        
        Respiratory system: does gas exchange
        
        Cardiovascular system: transports and circulates blood
        
        Skeletal system: provides body's framework & protects organs
        
        Lymphatic system: protects you from pathogens like bacteria and viruses
    - - Bacteria toxin(tetanospasmin) that causes tetanus by entering the body through a wound and messes with the nervous system by blocking inhibitory neurotransmitters causing a widespread of motor neurons and spasming of muscles
- - - - Skeletal system: Bones(breakage)
        
        Nervous system: Brain and nerves(tetanospasm blocks inhibitory neurotransmitters at motor nerve endings)
        
        Lymphatic system: spleen(failure to filter out bacteria)
        
        Cardiovascular System: pumps blood to body
  - - - Direct Problem: muscle spasms
        
        Indirect Problem: breakage of bones and spinal cord due to spasm severity