Biology
Genome
Chromosomes
Genes
Proteins
Traits
The Genome can have a memorable analge such as the entire series of an encyclopedia.
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The combination that make up.
Molecules or compounds
Example (big nose small nose)
Mutations
Genes are what you get from your parents.
Alleles are the way something is presented. The smaller category within the genes
Example Genes: Types of Noses
Example Alleles: Big nose, Small nose
Phenotype: The physical apearance of the traits
Genotype: The code that leads to the traits.
Mutations: without different types of mutations we would not be able to adapt and grow
Good: An example of a good mutation would be longer tail on a monkey because it has an advantage of swinging in the trees
Bad: An example of a harmful mutation is albinism because you don't have the ability to camouflage
In the Science World article about the cat and the albinism they had punnet squares at the bottom to show the rarity
Punnet Squares is the chart showing the possible gene combinations and percentage of passing one down.
HH, Hh, hh
Dominant: A gene on a chromosome masking or overriding the effect of a different variant of the same gene on the other copy of the chromosome. Shown by an upper case letter.
Recessive: Characteristcs that aren't seen or expressed t is hidden. Shown by lowercase letter.
DNA
CODE of traits.
click to edit
Asexual: Essentially cloning the parent. One parent has offspring-will have identical DNA as parent
Heterozygous: Meaning one of the same
Sexual: When male and female combine sperm and egg to create a new organism
Homozygous: Meaning two of the same
Natural Selection:the process where organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.
- As we learned about in class the peppered moths was a example of natural selection because it should how they adapted during the industrial revolution.
- The Black-bellied birds should examples of natural selection because they also adapted to the food that was provided were they lived as their beaks sizes changed and evolved.
Variation
The difference in the species
Adaptation
Any change that helps the species survive and reproduce in their environment
Natural selection
Where organisms survive more and produce more oganisms
Artificial Selection: is the process by which humans use animal breeding and plant breeding to selectively choose traits by and having certain things mate to create idelic offspring.
- Just like the simulation we did on dog breeding, is the same in real life to get the dog of choice.
- Breeding different types of chicken together to produce a bigger egg.
Indifferent: If the monkey had lighter hair, this doesn't really effect the monkey's lifestyle and doesn't hurt or hinder his survival
Artificial Selection
aka selective breeding: breed certain animals together to get the trait of choice
Heredity: The passing on of mental or physical characteristics genetically from one generation to the next