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genetics (Asexual Reproduction- A type of reproduction when an offspring…
genetics
Asexual Reproduction- A type of reproduction when an offspring arise from a single organism. And only inherit genes from that parent only.
Advantage 2: The maturity is very rapid, and can happen in as few as 6 weeks.
disadvantage 1: The diversity is limited, because there is only one parent involved in reproduction.
Advantage 1: It occurs in many environments, because asexual organisms are highly adaptive and can adapt to many environments.
disadvantage 2: It can create competition, because asexual reproduction usually create offspring close to one another. Which creates a competition for resources.
Sexual Reproduction- A type of reproduction that combining genetic information from two individuals of different sexes.
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Mutation- A Mutation occurs when a DNA gene is damaged or changed in such a way as to alter the genetic message carried by that gene.
Good mutations- Mutations can be beneficial, benign, or malignant, depending on where in the genetic code they are located. Examples of beneficial mutations include HIV resistance, lactose tolerance, and trichromatic vision.
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Genotypes vs Phenotypes
Genotypes- An organisms genotype is the set of genes that it carries. And genotype is the genetic code.
Phenotype- An organisms phenotype is all of its observable characteristics. So phenotype is basically the physical trait, and it's the result of the Genotype.
Genome- Is the haploid set of chromosomes in a gamete or microorganism, or in each cell of a multicellular organism.
Chromosomes- a threadlike structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes.
Genes- is a unit of DNA that is usually located on chromosomes, and it controls the development of one or more traits.
Proteins- Proteins are polymers of amino acids, they have a variety of function in cells.
Trait- a trait or character is a feature of an organism. The term phenotype is sometimes used as a synonym for trait in common use, but strictly speaking, does not indicate the trait, but the state of that trait
examples of natural selection- deer mouse, the peppered moth, and the peacock because they have all adapted to their environments.
Artificial Selection- is the intentional breeding of plants or animals. and means the same thing as selective breeding.
examples of artificial selection- fainting goats, farming livestock, and dogs.
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Punnett square visual: 
Punnett Square EXPLAINED: The punnett square is used to predict the genotypes of a particular cross or breeding experiment.
In the article "creatures without colours" it talks about albinism, and albinism is a rare genetic disorder. And can be passed down, and inherited.