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'Darwin presents a greater challenge to the Teleological Argument that…
'Darwin presents a greater challenge to the Teleological Argument that Hume.' Discuss.
Hume
Hume's Argument for likeness(ARG. 5,6 &7):
Hume's argument for the house and the architect:
You can't compare and its architect to God and the universe just because a house has a builder doesn't mean the universe has a designer.
Whole argument based on
Law of Causality
Counter argument
Hume's counter arguments to the teleological argument are heavily based on the idea that ' Like causes breed like effects' - but that isn't always true
Teleological argument
Aquinas's Teleological argument
Aquinas' Five Ways: Argument 5
'Therefore some intelligent being exists by whom all natural things are directed to their end'
Analogy: 'Unless it be directed by some being endowed with knowledge and intelligence; As the arrow is shot to its mark by the archer.'
William Paley's Teleological(Design) argument
Natural Theology: The Watch and the Watchmaker - 1805
Main point:
We all agree that the watch is designed as it is intricate
Darwin
Highlights the ideas of probability and chance; the power, nature and scope of selection; adaptation and teleology; nominalism vs. essentialism in species; the tempo and mode of evolutionary change.
Evolution
Mill and Dawkins
God's Utillity Function
Example of Gazelles and Cheetahs
Parasitic Caterpillars and Digger Wasps
Whole idea of
reverse engineering
animals. From that we can see that Gazelle adaptive features are to help them not to be caught by Cheetahs
River Out of Eden (1995)
'Its as though cheetahs were designed by one deity, gazelles by a rival diety.'
Is He a sadist who enjoys spectator blood sports? Is He trying to avoid overpopulation in the mammals of Africa? These are all intelligible utility functions that might have turned out to be true. In fact, of course, they are all completely wrong.'
Reverse engineering