Thermodynamic
Heat
Temperature
Energy
Work
Matter Properties
Radiation
Its energy in transfer to or from a thermodynamic system.
The mechanisms include conduction, through direct contact, or through a wall that is impermeable to matter.
Radiation between separated bodies or isochoric mechanical work done by the surroundings on the system.
expresses hot and cold, as measured with a thermometer
The most commonly used scales are the Celsius scale (°C), Fahrenheit scale (°F), and Kelvin scale (K).
When a body at thermodynamic equilibrium state. Its temperature is uniform in space and unchanging in time.
Energy is a conserved cannot created or destroyed.
The SI unit of energy is the joule.
is the quantitative propertythat must be transferred to an object in order to perform work to heat the object.
work performed by a system is energy transferred by the system to its surrounding.
Energy transfer is counted as a negative amount of work done by the system on its surroundings.
the emission or transmission of energy in the form of waves of particles through space or through a material medium.
Electromagnetic radiation
radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, x-rays, and gamma radiation (γ)
Particle radiation
alpha radiation (α), beta radiation (β), and neutron radiation.
Acoustic radiation
ultrasound, sound, and seismic waves (dependent on a physical transmission medium)
any substance that has mass and takes up space by having volume.
Matter exists in various states
Usually atoms can be imagined as a nucleusof protons and neutrons, and a surrounding "cloud" of orbiting electrons which "take up space"
subatomic particles and their properties are governed by their quantum nature,
act like waves as well as particles
not have well-defined sizes or positions.