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Engineering Surveying (Genereally (adjusted w/ least squares method, ▪…
Engineering Surveying
Genereally
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Often remote and difficult locations ( At sea, underground, mountains...)
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Tunnels
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equipments (boring machine, the concrete bulkheads,) need precise positioning & monitoring
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Networks
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coordinates for a point can be
computed from many diff sets of observations
(Horizontal angle, vertical angle, levelling, GPS)
Bridges
many requirements, wide var.
horizontal pos by road design policies (and vert. also by design param) & road surface in vacant space
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