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Temporomandibular Joint & Tongue (Introduction (Type of joint (Soft…
Temporomandibular Joint & Tongue
Introduction
Where?
Joint b/w mandible and temporal bone
Condyle of mandible rests w/i mandibular fossa of temporal bone, can slip and slide
Function
Mvm for swallowing, phonation, mastication
Single bilateral articulation
Type of joint
2 Synovial joints
Cavities
Upper joint
Glides in protrusion, retrusion
Lower joint
Hinge like depression, elevation
Combined motion. Mouth opening causes rotation @ condyles, gliding. Chewing stroke
Mandibular fossa, condyle of mandible separated by fibrocartilaginous articular disc
Parts
Head of mandible
Mandibular fossa
Articular tubercle
B/w two bony elements (mandible and temporal bone) separated by articular space
Articular surfaces covered by hyaline cartilage for reducing friction
Joint capsule
Inner synovial membrane
Vascular, synovial fluid: nutrition, lubrication
Outer fibrous membrane
Dense irregular connective tissue (fibres, strength in diff direction)
Stabilises joint, thicken to form ligaments
Soft tissues
Articular cartilage-hyaline
Articular disc
Capsuie
dense irregular tissue. Help prevent dislocation, wraps around the whole thing
Functions
Seals joint space
Contains synovial fluid
Allows large mvm, supports joint
Richly innervated
O+I
Superior
Temporal bone
Circumference of mandibular fossa around articular tubercle (surrounds the TMJ). Mandibular fossa X stress bearing.
Stress absorbed b/w condyle, articular disc and between disc, articular tubercle
Inferior
Mandible
Attached to mandibular neck
Synovial membrane
Ligaments
Actions in sequence
Depression
Protrusion
Elevation
Retraction
Innervation
Mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve
Referred pain: not sure where pain is coming from, several nerves coming back to same area
Tongue
Structure
Root
Tip
Base
Dorsum
Functions
Taste
Speech
Active articulator
Modifies shape, resonant characteristics of oral cavity
Act as valve to inhibit airflow
Mastication
Clears oral cavity
Mvm of food for crushing
Helps mix food w saliva
Swallowing
Push food into bolus
Moves bolus back into pharynx
Surface features
Divisions
Anterior 2/3 divided by longitudinal central sulcus, starts at foramen caecum
Sulcus terminalis separates anterior 2/3 from posterior 1/3
Lingual papillae
Circumvallate
Fungiform
Filiform
NO taste buds
sweeping action, abrasion, no sensory receptors