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Culture and the Self (Self-Awareness (Objective: outside-in (Concerns…

- - - - Men have more traditional gender views than women
      - However, within a culture men and women tend to share similar views on gender equality
      - Eqalitarian: equality of genders
        
        Most egalitarian: Netherlands
        
        In the middle: US
        
        Most traditional: India
- - - - direct communication, unique, traits, bounded, self-reliant, consistency
        
        Boundedness: not including others in your self-definition
      - Agency: thoughts/opinions
      - Assertiveness: reactions
      - boundary between in-groups and out-groups less distinct
    - - indirect communication, reliable, sensitive to others, group, context-dependent
      - Relatedness: identity in relation to specific relationships
      - Collectivism: group priority
      - boundary between in-groups and out-groups VERY distinct.
  - - - Independent SC: personal qualities, attitudes, beliefs
      - Interdependent SC: groups, friendships, relating to others
    - - huge within culture variation, we score along a continuum
    - - Independent individuals are consistent across situations
      - Interdependent individuals are context-dependent
- - - - Collectivistic societies are context-dependent
      - Roles require different needs
      - Social desirability/Self-monitoring
  - - - dissonance reduction tendencies in CD's
      - Canadians rationalized their decisions, while Japanese did not
      - Indicating: individualistic societies care about being consistent and therefore perform dissonance reduction
    - - East Asians will rationalize the decisions they make for others
      - Indicating: they want their behavior to be consistent with others expectations
    - - Americans were more influenced by the information of their past performances
      - The Poles were more influenced by the information about what their classmates had done