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Man suffering from severe muscle spasms (Anatomy (Muscle contractions…
Man suffering from severe muscle spasms
Gets infected with Clostridium tetani
Gets a tattoo with used needles
Cardiovasculary System affected
Blood cells contaminated
Toxin spreads
Infection builds
Patient dies
Anatomy
Muscle contractions
Twitch
Summation
Tetany
Systems
Integumentary System
Muscular System
Nervous System
Cardiovascular System
Neuron
Message
Axon terminal
Synaptic knob/bulb
Synaptic vesicles
Action potential of nerve
Calcium channel
Exocytosis of ACH
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Neuromuscular Junction
Neuron
Message
Axon terminal
Synaptic knob/bulb
Action Potential
Calcium Channels
Synaptic vesicles
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Neurotransmitter
Acetal Choline
Synaptic Cleft
Ligand Channels
Sodium in
Domino affect
T-Tubule
Voltage gated channels
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Depolarization
Clostridium Tetani
Tetanolysin
Tetanospasmin
Tetanus
Physiology
Systems
Muscular system:
Used for movement and body temperature
Nervous system
: Fast communication via neurotransmitters
Integumentary System:
First line of defense, used for protection
Cardiovascular System:
Transport nutrients, gases, and hormones; regulates temperature
Muscle Contractions
Twitch
: Has a latent period, a contraction phase. A graded muscle response allows variation in muscle tension.
Summation
: Occurs as successive stimuli are added together to produce a stronger muscle contraction.
Tetany
: Is the fusion of contractions to produce a continuous contraction.
Neuromuscular Junction:
A chemical synapse formed by the contact between a motor neuron and a muscle fiber
Neuron
: A cell that carries electrical impulses
Neurotransmitter
: A chemical substance released at the end of a nerve fiber by the arrival of a nerve impulse
Acetal Choline
: A compound that occurs throughout the nervous system
Axon terminal
: Long process of motor neuron, carries the electrical signal away
Synaptic Vesicles:
A small vesicle that contains a neurotransmitter
Synaptic knob:
Relay point at the tip of a transmitting neuron
Action potential:
Impulse along the membrane of a muscle cell or nerve cell "ZAP"
Synaptic cleft:
The space between neurons at a nerve synapse
Acetylcholinesterase:
Enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of acetylcholine
Enzyme
: A substance produced by living organism which act as a catalyst
Calcium channels:
An ion channel that shows permeability to calcium ions
Ligand channels:
Gated channels that open with the binding of ACH
Sodium:
Is a chemical substance that is allowed in the ligand channels when open
Muscle motor end plate:
Chemical synapses formed at the sites where the terminal branches of the axon
Depolarization:
Electrical charge resulting in a less negative charge
T-Tubule:
Extensions of the cell membrane that penetrate into the centre of skeletal and cardiac muscle
Voltage gated channels:
Ion channels that are activated from changes in the electrical membrane
Sarcoplasmic reticulum:
The function is to store calcium
Terminal Cisternae:
Enlarged areas of the SR surrounding the transverse tubules
Troponine:
Its integral to muscle contraction in skeletal muscle and cardiac
Tropomyosin:
A protein involved muscle contraction
Myofibril:
Muscle fibers
Actin:
A protein that forms contractile filaments of muscle cells
With myosin
Myosin:
A fibrous protein that forms the contractile filaments of muscle cells
With actin
Sarcomere:
Structural unit of a myofibril in striated muscle
Exocytosis:
Contents of the cell are released through fusion
Active Transport:
Type of transport that requires ATP
Clostridium Tetani
: Is a common soil bacterium and the causative agent of tetanus
Tetanolysin
: Destruction of tissues
Tetanospasmin:
Neurotoxin produced by the vegetative cell of CT causing tetanus
Tetanus:
Potential fatal bacterial infection that affects the nerves.
Blocks inhibitory neurotransmitters
Inhibitory: Prevention of an action
Muscle Spasms
Tetanus affects nerves
Lose of control fo nerves
Sodium continuous to rush in
Muscle contractions back to back
Death
Blockage of nerve signals
Muscle spasms grow
Interference with breathing
Respiratory system failure
Suffocation
Nervous System
Blockage of inhibitory neurotransmitters
Prevents nerve signals
No signals from spinal cord to muscles
Loss of nerve control
Paralysis
Tetanus bind to presynaptic membrane
Transports to the spinal cord
Causing muscle stiffness